Programming Fundamentals

Question 1

What is a variable?

Answer 1

A named container that stores data you can change or reuse.

Question 2

What is a data type?

Answer 2

A category that tells the computer what kind of value something is (text, number, true/false, etc).

Question 3

Name 4 common data types.

Answer 3

String (text), Integer (whole number), Float (decimal number), Boolean (true/false).

Question 4

What is a string?

Answer 4

Text inside quotes, like “hello”.

Question 5

What is a boolean?

Answer 5

A value that is either true or false.

Question 6

What is an operator?

Answer 6

A symbol that performs an action, like + - * / = > <.

Question 7

What does = do in programming?

Answer 7

Assigns a value to a variable.

Question 8

What does == do in programming?

Answer 8

Checks if two values are equal.

Question 9

What is control flow?

Answer 9

The order in which code runs.

Question 10

What does an if statement do?

Answer 10

Runs code only if a condition is true.

Question 11

What does else do?

Answer 11

Runs code when the if condition is false.

Question 12

What is a loop?

Answer 12

A way to repeat code multiple times automatically.

Question 13

Name two common types of loops.

Answer 13

for loops and while loops.

Question 14

When would you use a loop?

Answer 14

When you want to repeat actions without writing them over and over.

Question 15

What is a function?

Answer 15

A reusable block of code that does a specific task.

Question 16

What are parameters in a function?

Answer 16

Inputs the function receives to work with.

Question 17

What is a return value in a function?

Answer 17

The output the function sends back after running.

Question 18

Can a function exist without returning a value?

Answer 18

Yes, not all functions return something.

Question 19

What is a comment in code?

Answer 19

Notes for humans that the computer ignores.

Question 20

Why use comments?

Answer 20

To explain code so it’s easier to understand later.

Question 21

What is pseudocode?

Answer 21

Writing out logic in plain language before coding.

Question 22

Does pseudocode run in a program?

Answer 22

No, it’s for planning, not execution.

Question 23

Why is pseudocode useful?

Answer 23

It helps you think through problems without getting stuck on syntax.

Question 24

What is debugging?

Answer 24

Finding and fixing errors in code.

Question 25

Are errors in code also called “bugs”?

Answer 25

Yes.