What is in Define and Authorize Projects under Portfolio Management?
- Identify, assess, and prioritize investment opportunities consistent with the organization strategic plan.
- Establish business area plans—use the strategic objectives to identify candidate projects to fulfill them.
- Establish project scope, define project management accountabilities and authorities, and identify expected project outcomes.
- Establish the domain area of the product line defined by its main features and their suitable variability.
- Allocate adequate funding and other resources.
- Identify interfaces and opportunities for multi- project synergies.
- Specify the project governance process including organizational status reporting and reviews.
- Authorize project execution.
What are the main activities of the Tailoring process?
- Identify and record the circumstances that influence tailoring.
- Take due account of the life cycle structures recommended or mandated by standards.
- Obtain input from parties affected by the tailoring decisions.
- Make tailoring decisions.
- Select the life cycle processes that require tailoring.
What are common traps in Tailoring?
1.Reuse of a tailored baseline from another system without repeating the tailoring process 2.Using all processes and activities “just to be safe” 3.Using a pre-established tailored baseline 4.Failure to include relevant stakeholders
What does Product Line Scoping accomplish?
Defines the products that will constitute the product line and the major (externally visible) common and variable features among the products, analyzes the products from an economic point of view, and controls and schedules the development, production, and marketing of the product line and its products.
What is a Service?
Activity that cause a transformation of the state of an entity (a person, product, business, region, or nation) by mutually agreed terms between the service provider and the customer.
What are the fundamental attributes of a service system?
Togetherness, structure, emergence, behavior
What are 3 types of service systems?
- Systems that focus on flow of things: transportation and supply chain, water and waste recycling, food and products, energy and electric grid, information, and cloud.
- Systems that focus on human activities and development: buildings and construction, retail, hospitality/media, entertainment, etc.
- Systems that focus on governing: city, state, nation
What do service systems engineers do?
–Coordinate/orchestrate social aspects, governance (including security), environmental, human behavior, business, customer care, service management, operations, and technology development processes.
–Be the integrator – considering the interface requirements for the interoperability of service system entities
–Perform the Service Design Definition Process including the definition of methods, processes, and procedures necessary to monitor and track service requirements verification and validation
What is Enterprise SE?
–The application of SE principles, concepts, and methods to the planning, design, improvement, and operation of an enterprise.
–An emerging discipline that focuses on frameworks, tools, and problem-solving approaches for dealing with the inherent complexities of the enterprise.
–Deals with the exploitation of opportunities for better ways to achieve the enterprise goals
What are 3 types of enterprise capabilities?
Organizational, system, and operational
What does the Life Cycle Model Management Process accomplish?
- Establishes and maintains a set of policies and procedures at the organization level that support the organization’s ability to acquire and supply products and services and
- Provides integrated system life cycle models necessary to meet the organization’s strategic plans, policies, goals, and objectives for all projects and all system life cycle stages.
What does an organization engaging in SE do as core activities?
—Provides the requirements for establishing, maintaining, and improving the standard SE process
—Defines the process for tailoring the standard SE process for use on projects and for making improvements
—Review and approve the standard SE process and changes to it.
—Consider establishing an SE Process Group (SYSPG) to oversee SE process definition and implementation.
The basic requirements for standard and project-tailored SE process control, based on CMMI and other resources, are as follows:
—Projects : Define/document SE processes using standards and existing tailoring guidance. Note that good process definitions must define inputs, outputs, and entry/exit criteria
—Organizations : The focus at this level is continuous improvement. Auditing, comparing, analyzing, assessing, and acting to improve SE processes.
How do Quality Management and Quality Assurance relate to each other?
Quality Management : The purpose is to outline the policies and procedures necessary to improve and control the various processes within the organization that ultimately lead to improved business performance. Quality Assurance: A subset of the quality management process, the quality assurance process activities are defined to provide an independent assessment of whether development and SE processes are capable of outcomes that meet requirements and that those processes are performed accurately, precisely, and consistently with all applicable prescriptions and documentation. QA is more at the project level whilst QM is at the org, level.
What is total quality control?
Deals with understanding what the stakeholder/customer really wants.
- If the original needs statement does not reflect the relevant quality requirements, then quality can be neither inspected nor manufactured into the product.
What is product certification?
- the process of certifying that a certain product has passed performance or quality assurance tests or qualification requirements stipulated in regulations such as a building code or nationally accredited test standards
- that it complies with a set of regulations governing quality or minimum performance requirements
What are potential traps in KM system reuse?
- The prior solution was intended for a different use, environment, or performance level, or it was a concept only that was never built.
- The prior system or system element worked perfectly, but the new application is outside the qualified range
- No time to study if the new system or system element to operate in the same environment as the prior one
- Too often, the development team assumes that if a reuse solution will be applied (especially for COTS), there is no need for well-defined system definition. The issues may not show up until systems integration, causing major cost and schedule perturbations.
- A solution that worked in the past was used without consideration for the evolution of the solution
What does INFRAM accomplish?
- provides the mechanisms whereby the organization infrastructure is made aware of project needs and the resources are scheduled to be in place when requested.
- maintains and manages the facilities, hardware, and support tools required by the portfolio of organization projects.
How does HRM and INFRAM relate to each other?
Basically, INFRAM is about non-human resources whilst HRM is about human resources.
What is the difference in HRM between “Develop Skills” and “Acquire and Provide Skills”?
Develop Skills is more focused on development and maintenance of the employee skills in general; it is not really focused on projects so much as on keeping the overall skill inventory in good shape. Acquire and Provide Skills is more about the specific interfaces between HRM and the organization’s projects.
What’s the primary objective of HRM?
provide a pool of qualified personnel to the organization.
