Public schools

Question 1

public schools

Answer 1

• post 1850s
• upper class only, boarding school

Question 2

Fagging system

Answer 2

• perfects: 16-18, ‘fags’: U16
• perfects bullied ‘fags’ quite badly and used them as servants
• sport used to tackle this

Question 3

Thomas Arnold

Answer 3

• headmaster of Rugby school
• developed housing system
• muscular Christianity: healthy body and mind to serve God - links sport morals and ethics

Question 4

athleticism

Answer 4

combination of physical endeavour (hard play) and moral integrity

Question 5

rational recreation

Answer 5

• giving mob games rules
• e.g. kicking or handling only, fixed numbers

Question 6

promoted characteristics

Answer 6

• Leadership
• Courage - tackling older boys
• Sportsmanship/fairplay/integrity
• physical endeavour - working hard to win game
• team work
• loyalty - to your team
• respect - of officials

Question 7

melting pot

Answer 7

• public boys went to Oxbridge and took sport with them
• public school rules put into a melting pot and the best one picked
• led to the development of football, rugby, tennis, and NGB’s

Question 8

old boys

Answer 8

army officers: spread sport through empire
clergy: became missionaries spread sport
industrialist: spread sport through factories
politicians: posted overseas to colonies and took games with them

Question 9

how did public schools compare to pre- Industrial?

Answer 9

• specific playing areas and written rules
• specialised clothing and specific team sizes
• fairplay sportsmanship ethos
• equipment and facilities
• some coaching, sports not linked to occupation