qa

Question 1

Establish guidelines forfurtherreducing unnecessary patient exposure

Answer 1

The consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act of 1981

Question 2

This act addressed issues such as unnecessary repeat examinations,
quality assurance,techniques,radiation exposurem referral criteria,
unnecessary mass screenin

Answer 2

The consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act of 1981

Question 3

In addition,the act establish minimum standards for accreditation of
educational program in radiologic sciences and forthe certification
ofradiographic equipment operators.

Answer 3

The consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act of 1981

Question 4

Is a leading accreditation body that ensures hospitals and imaging
departments meetthe highest standards of patient safety, quality assurance and radiation protection.

Its standards directly reinforce the goals of QA/QC in radiologic technology
ensuring that qualified personnel, safe equipment, and effective management systems are consistently maintained.

Answer 4

The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO

Question 5

purpose of accreditation for hospital’s
radiologic technology departmentis to ensure patient safety and high-quality diagnostic imaging services by verifying adherence to established standards through an external evaluation.

Answer 5

The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO

Question 6

are essentialto ensure that
diagnostic images are of high quality, and safe for patients while maintaining low radiation doses.

These programs aim to produce consistent diagnostic result, prevent unnecessary repeat exposures, and
improve overall efficiency in imaging departments.

Answer 6

Quality Assurance (QA)
and Quality Control(QC)

Question 7

comprehensive management program designed to guarantee that all aspects ofthe imaging process– from patient preparation to final diagnosis– meet acceeptable standards of quality.

Focuses in the entire imaging process

Ensures consistency, accuracy, and safety

Includes administrative, educational, and technical components.

Answer 7

quality Assurance(QA)

Question 8

A subset of QA thatfocuses specifically on the technical aspects of equipment performances and image production.

Ensures that equipmentis functioning properly

Uses standardized tests and measurements

Detects and corrects equipment problems before they affect patients

Answer 8

Quality Control(QC)

Question 9

objective of Qa & Qc

Answer 9

optimal image quality
radiation safety
patient satisfaction
cost effectiveness
compliance
continuous improvement

Question 10

• ensure diagnostic images are sharp,
  detailed, and free of artifacts.

Answer 10

Optimal image quality

Question 11

Maintain radiation as low as reasonably
achievable (ALARA principle

Answer 11

Radiation safety

Question 12

• provides accurate exams with minimal
  discomfort and waiting time.

Answer 12

Patient Satisfaction

Question 13

• Reduce repeat exposures and downtime by maintaining functional
  equipment.

Answer 13

Cost Effectiveness

Question 14

• Meet standards of
  regulatory and accrediting
  agencies ( DOH, FDA, Joint
  commission, etc.)

Answer 14

Compliance

Question 15

-Use feedback and performance
data to improve the imaging
process.

Answer 15

Continuous Improvement

Question 16

Ensuring correct patient identity, preparation, and instructions.

Answer 16

Patient Scheduling and Preparation

Question 17

Imaging procedure must be medically justified.

Answer 17

Examination Request and justification

Question 18

Property technique to avoid repeats and unnecessary dose.

Answer 18

Patient Positioning and Exposure

Question 19

Accurate exposure factors, image processing and QC calibration

Answer 19

Image Acquisition and Processing

Question 20

Viewing conditions, monitor calibration, and interpretation accuracy.

Answer 20

Image Display and Analysis

Question 21

Reporting and Record Keeping

Answer 21

Accurate and timely documentation in PACS/RIS

Question 22

Continuous review and improvement based on outcomes.

Answer 22

Follow-up and Feedback

Question 23

is a systemic and organized approach to ensure that all imaging procedures, equipment, and personnel
meet the highest standards of diagnostic quality and radiation safety.

Answer 23

Quality Assurance Program in radiologic technology

Question 24

components of quality assurance program

Answer 24

organization
education and training
equipment quality control program
image quality evaluation
radiation safety program
preventive maintenance
record keeping
quality improvement
patient and staff feedback
audit and accreditation

Question 25

Establishes a formal QA committee or team responsible for planning, implementing, and monitoring quality activities. Defines clear lines of authority from the radiology administrators to technologist and physicists. Includes the development of a QA manual, outlining policies, objectives, and standard operations procedure. Promotes accountability and communication among staff to ensure everyone understood their role in maintaining quality.

Answer 25

ORGANIZATION

Question 26

Continuous professional education ensures technologist remain competent in new imaging techniques and technologies. Includes training on radiation safety, equipment operation, and image analysis Promotes a culture of quality awareness and teamwork. Regular competency assessments and refresher courses maintain high standards of practice.

Answer 26

Education and Training

Question 27

Establishes routine performance checks to ensure imaging equipment operates accurately and safety. Includes daily, weekly, monthly, and annual QC tests Detects early sign of malfunction to prevent poor image quality or excessive radiation exposure. All test results must be documented, analyzed and corrected if out of tolerance.

Answer 27

Equipment Quality Control Program

Question 28

Involves systematic review of images to ensure diagnostic acceptability ( proper contrast, density, detail and absence of artifacts) Repeat analysis identifies common cause or retakes such as positioning errors or exposure mistakes. Helps maintain consistency across all examinations and technologists. Promotes standardization of imaging protocols for various body parts.

Answer 28

Image Quality evaluation

Question 29

Protects patients, staff , and the public from unnecessary radiation exposure. Applies the ALARA principle Includes the use of lead aprons, barriers, gonadal shields and radiation monitoring badges. Regularly checks rooms shielding integrity and radiation survey results. Encourages reporting and evaluation of any radiation incidents.

Answer 29

Radiation Safety Program

Question 30

Preventive maintenance ensures that imaging system function optimally and safety. Performed by qualified biomedical engineers or service engineers at set intervals. Reduces equipment downtime, unexpected failures and costly repairs. Includes calibration, lubrication, mechanical inspection, and software updates.

Answer 30

Preventive Maintenance

Question 31

Accurate documentation is vital for legal,regulatory, and accreditation purposes. Includes logs of all QC tests, calibration data,radiation dose records, and maintainance reports. Enables tracking of performance trends and identification of recurring issues. Serves as evidence of compliance during inspections or audits by agencies like DOH or The Joint Commission.

Answer 31

Record Keeping

Question 32

Involves continuous evaluation of QA data to identify areas for improvement. Applies the CQI(Continuous Quality Improvement) or PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle. Encourages teamwork in problem-solving and developing corrective and preventive actions (CAPA) Focuses on enhancing patient care,reducing delays, and minimizing repeat exposures.

Answer 32

Quality Improvement

Question 33

Collects and analyzes feedback from patients,radiologists, and staff to improve workflow and service quality. Patient surveys assess satisfaction with waiting time, comfort, and technologist interaction. Staff feedback identifies workflow bottlenecks or safety concerns Integrating feedback into QA meetings leads to service enhancement and better patient experience.

Answer 33

Patient and Staff Feedback

Question 34

Regular internal audit and external audit evaluate compliance with QA standards and regulations. Accreditation ensures department meets recognized national and international benchmarks. Promotes accountability and continuous improvement through periodic,review amd inspection. Successful accreditation demonstrated the department commitment to quality and safety.

Answer 34

Audits and Accreditation.

Question 35

QC TEST ARE CLASSIFIED AS:

Answer 35

daily weekly monthly Quarter/semis annually

Question 36

Daily example of qc test

Answer 36

Visual inspection of equipment Monitor calibration Check CR/DR system readiness

Question 37

Weekly example of qc test

Answer 37

Image uniformity test Clean imaging plate and detectors

Question 38

Monthly example of qc test

Answer 38

Reproducibilty and linearity test Collimation and alignment check

Question 39

Quarterly/ Semi-annual example of qc test

Answer 39

Focal spot test Kvp accuracy Timer accuracy

Question 40

Annually example of qc test

Answer 40

Comprehensive QC evaluation Radiation survey Lead apron inspection

Question 41

Perform routine QC test, document results, identify image problems.

Answer 41

Radiologic Technologist

Question 42

Oversee calibration,perform acceptance and annual testing

Answer 42

Medical Physicist

Question 43

Evaluate diagnostic quality and interpret images.

Answer 43

Radiologist

Question 44

Manage QA/QC documentation, policies, and training

Answer 44

RadiologyAdministrator

Question 45

Review QA reports, ensure compliance, plan improvements

Answer 45

QA Committee

Question 46

Maintains the safety of patients, workers, and the environment by ensuring radiation exposure is within regulatory limits.

Answer 46

Radiation Safety Officer

Question 47

Equipment maintainance and repair specialist.

Answer 47

Biomedical Engineer/Service Engineer

Question 48

The team responsibilities:

Answer 48

1. Do periodic film analysis and prepare monthly film analysis report for representation. 2. Establish additional radiographic technique charts when needed, or revise existing technique charts when appropriate. 3. Establish additional darkroom processing charts or revise existing ones when necessary. 4. Do periodic quality control test of xray equipment, accessories, and darkroom equipment and accessories. 5. Keep a Room logbook which contains all test data on equipment, accessories and all changes/repairs done to all of the things in the room. 6. Keep all brochures and technical manuals pertaining to the equipment and accessories

Question 49

Benefits of QA and QC Programs

Answer 49

Improved image quality Reduced patient dose Fewer repeat exposures Greater staff efficiency and satisfaction Compliance with legal and accreditation requirements Increased patient trust and satisfaction.