What is the purpose of qualitative research?
- Ask open-ended questions
- Understand phenomena through participants’ individual experiences/responses
What is deductive reasoning?
- Quantitative
- Starts with a general theory/principle and uses it to generate specific predictions/hypotheses
- Collect data to test hypotheses
What is inductive reasoning?
- Qualitative
- Starts with specific observations, data, or individual cases
- Identify patterns, themes, or generalizations/theories
What is Positivism in quantitative research?
Valid knowledge that comes from scientific measurement and analysis
What is Interpretivism in qualitative research?
Context, subjective experience, and interpretation
What is Objectivism in quantitative research?
Reality without social influence
What is Constructivism in qualitative research?
Meaning and reality emerge from social interactions and context
What are the different types of qualitative analysis?
- Content analysis
- Thematic analysis
- Grounded theory
- Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)
What is content analysis?
- Type of qualitative analysis
Coding responses for frequency and categorization
What is thematic analysis?
- Type of qualitative analysis
Finding broader themes in responses
What is grounded theory?
- Type of qualitative analysis
Open-ended, finding themes until saturation
What is interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)?
- Type of qualitative analysis
Deep interviews with homogenous grouops
What are the different sampling techniques in qualitative research?
- Purposeful sampling (participants that fit the research question)
- Theoretical sampling (continuous updating based on responses)
- Key informants (expert perspectives)
What are key considerations for rigor in qualitative research?
- Replicability
- Transparency of data collection and coding
- Triangulation
- Participant validation
- Transferability
- Ecological validity
- Contextualization
What is triangulation?
Using multiple data and analysis methods
What is participant validation?
Participants review and confirm researcher coding
How is deductive reasoning a top-bottom process?
Theory –> Hypothesis –> Data/Experiment
How is inductive reasoning a bottom-up process?
Data –> Patterns –> Generalization/Theory
