Quiz #2

Question 1

All of the following are cell responses to stress except for:

1. Adaptation
2. Death
3. Wound Healing
4. Nutritional Imbalance

Answer 1

Nutritional Imbalance

Question 2

Which of the following forms of adaptation signifies the replacement of a normal adult cell with another cell type?

1. Hypertrophy
2. Metaplasia
3. Neoplasia
4. Dysplasia

Answer 2

Metaplasia

Question 3

There is no direct correlation between metaplasia and cancer:

1. True
2. False

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Ischemia is most often seen with:

1. Artherosclerosis
2. Osteoporosis
3. Arthritis
4. Sickle Cell Anemia

Answer 4

Artherosclerosis- build up of plaque in arteries

Question 5

Hypoxia occurs more often than ischemia:

1. True
2. False

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Which of the following is not a way in which cell injury occurs:

1. Free radical formation
2. Inducing hypoxia and decreased pH
3. Hypertrophy
4. Impairing Ca2+ homeostasis

Answer 6

Hypertrophy

Question 7

Synonym for necrosis?

Answer 7

Infarct

Question 8

Which of the following types of necrosis occurs as a result of hypoxemia?

1. Caseous
2. Coagulative
3. Liquefactive

Answer 8

Coagulative (more common)

Question 9

Which of the following forms of necrosis is caused from bacterial or fungal infection, most often with tuberculosis?

1. Caseous
2. Coagulative
3. Liquefactive

Answer 9

Caseous

Question 10

How does apoptosis differ from necrosis?

Answer 10

Apoptosis is a highly regulated and controlled process

Question 11

_________necrosis can occur as a result of__________necrosis?

1. Coagulative; Caseous
2. Caseous; liquefactive
3. Liquefactive; Caseous
4. Liquefactive; Coagulative

Answer 11

Liquefactive; Coagulative

Question 12

Liquefactive necrosis can occur in:

1. Calcium rich tissue
2. Lipid rich tissue
3. Carbohydrate rich tissue
4. Vitamin D rich tissue

Answer 12

Lipid rich tissue

Question 13

All of the following can occur during coagulative necrosis in the heart except:

1. Vasodilation of arteries
2. Nuclei being lost
3. structural loss of cytoplasm
4. No clear striations

Answer 13

Vasodilation of arteries

Question 14

Gangrene is necrosis of a small mass:

1. True
2. False

Answer 14

False- it is necrosis of a large mass

Question 15

Which of the following results from Iscehmia?

1. Dry Gangrene
2. Wet Gangrene
3. Caseous Necrosis

Answer 15

Dry Gangrene

Question 16

Which of the following affects both arterial and venous outflow supply?

1. Dry Gangrene
2. Wet Gangrene

Answer 16

Wet Gangrene

Question 17

Which of the following tissue types conducts the specific functions of the organ it is contained within?

1. Mesenchymal Tissue
2. Connective Tissue (Stroma)
3. Parenchymal Tissue
4. Adipose Tissue

Answer 17

Parenchymal

Question 18

In 1st intention (primary) wound healing, there is no tissue loss:

1. True
2. False

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Collagen synthesis during the proliferative phase peaks b/w:

1. 2-3 days
2. 5-7 Days
3. 8-10 Days
4. 2 weeks

Answer 19

5-7 Days

Question 20

Cytokines, small molecules used for signaling mechanisms are most often seen in which healing phase:

1. Inflammatory
2. Proliferative
3. Remodeling

Answer 20

Proliferative

Question 21

What is the final step of the Proliferative Phase?

1. Collagen synthesis
2. Angiogenesis
3. Epithelialization
4. Formation of granulation tissue containing capillary buds and vascularized tissue

Answer 21

Epithelialization- the scab falls off!

Question 22

Scar Massage is most common in which stage?

1. Inflammatory
2. Proliferative
3. Remodeling

Answer 22

Remodeling

Question 23

Skin has what percentage of strength after sutures have been removed?

1. 70%
2. 10%
3. 80%
4. 30%

Answer 23

10% (5-7 days after sutures have been removed)

Question 24

With tears and ruptures occurring in ligaments, 80% percent of the normal tensile strength is regained by:

1. The 5 week
2. 6 months
3. 1 year
4. 1-3 years

Answer 24

1 year

Question 25

With the presence of an infection, a wound is not typically healed: 1. True 2. False

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Most cells are not actively mitotic: 1. True 2. False

Answer 26

True

Question 27

How are stem or blast cells different from normal cells

Answer 27

Stem/blast cells produce their own types of cells as well as other types

Question 28

Which of the following are true about the cell cycle: 1. S phase occurs after G1 2. S Phase occurs after G2 3. Mitosis immediately follows the S phase 4. Mitosis occurs before the S phase

Answer 28

S phase occurs after G1

Question 29

Neoplasm is associated with: 1. Tumor 2. Malignancy 3. Cancer

Answer 29

Tumor

Question 30

Schwannoma occurs in all of the following places except: 1. Peripheral Nerves 2. Spinal Cord 3. Heart 4. CNS

Answer 30

Heart. It is benign.

Question 31

Osteronoma is not benign 1. True 2. False

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Cancer of connective tissue is known as: 1. Carcinoma 2. Sarcoma 3. Leukemia 4. Lymphoma

Answer 32

Sarcoma. It is not as common but it is malignant

Question 33

A high portion of regeneration in epithelial tissue and chemical exposure or radiation leads to: 1. Carcinoma 2. Sarcoma 3. Leukemia 4. Lymphoma

Answer 33

Carcinoma

Question 34

Leukemia and Lymphoma fall under: 1. Carcinoma 2. Sarcoma 3. Hematologic

Answer 34

Hematologic

Question 35

Pap tests, occult blood, imaging, and tumor markers are all used for: 1. Cancer Screening 2. Diagnostic Pathology 3. Prognostic Factors 4. Staging

Answer 35

Cancer Screening

Question 36

Tissue samples are required to make a diagnosis 1. True 2. False

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What is the gold standard for diagnosis?

Answer 37

Pathology

Question 38

Injection of a dye to locate pathology occurs with: 1. Triple Test 2. Surgical pathology 3. Fine needle aspirates 4. Biopsy

Answer 38

Surgical pathology ( sentinel nodes, lymph nodes, breast cancer)

Question 39

Which is the most important prognostic factor? 1. Stage 2. Cell type 3. Grade 4. Performance Status

Answer 39

Stage

Question 40

Which can indicate how aggressive a cancer is and how fast will it spread? 1. Stage 2. Cell type 3. Grade 4. Performance Status

Answer 40

Grade

Question 41

The Karnofsky scale and the ECOG scale is relative to cancer________ 1. Stage 2. Grade 3. Performance Status

Answer 41

Performance Status

Question 42

Grading is based on a scale of _______ 1. 1-4 2. 0-4 3. 0-5

Answer 42

1-4

Question 43

A cancer patient who undergoes limited self care and is in a bed for more than half of waking hours is probably at a performance status of 1. 2 2. 3 3. 4 4. 5

Answer 43

3

Question 44

Beginning at what stage is the basement membrane no longer in-tact: 1. 0 2. 1 3. 2 4. 3

Answer 44

1

Question 45

``` At what stage is it CERTAIN that cancer has spread outside affected tissue 1 2 3 4 ```

Answer 45

3

Question 46

Which staging scale of the TNM system is binary (0-1)? 1. Tumor 2. Nodes 3. Metastasis

Answer 46

Metastasis. The others are scaled 0-4

Question 47

Which of the following is not a tumor suppressor associated with a solid cancer : 1. BRCA1 2. BRCA2 3. C-ab1 4. P53

Answer 47

C-ab1

Question 48

Concomitant therapy is also known as what treatment sequence: 1. Primary 2. Adjuvent 3. Salvage 4. Palliative

Answer 48

Adjuvent

Question 49

Which treatment does one go through with the recurrence of cancer? 1. Primary 2. Adjuvent 3. Salvage 4. Palliative

Answer 49

Salvage

Question 50

Surgery is optimal for higher staged cancers: 1. True 2. False

Answer 50

False. Surgery can be used for metastatic cancer but it depends.

Question 51

Brachytherapy is a form of: 1. Radiation therapy 2. Chemotherapy

Answer 51

Radiation therapy

Question 52

For a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma, they will most likely undergo 1. Surgery 2. Chemotherapy 3. Radiation Therapy 4. Targeted Therapy

Answer 52

Radiation therapy

Question 53

Monoclonal antibodies are used in: 1. radiation therapy 2. targeted therapy 3. Chemotherapy 4. surgery

Answer 53

targeted therapy