Regulations

Question 1

Minimum safe altitudes (FAR 91.119)

Answer 1

1. Except for take off or landing, no person may operate an aircraft below the following altitudes:
   ANYWHERE:
   - an altitude allowing, if a power unit fails, an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface
   CONGESTED AREAS:
   - 1000’ above the highest obstacle
   - 2000’ horizontal radius
   OTHER THEN CONGESTED AREAS:
   - 500’ above the surface
   - but may not operate closer to 500’ to any person, vessel, vehicle or structure
   HELICOPTERS:
   - may operate at less then minimums
   - without hazard to persons or property on the surface
   - operator complies with any routes or altitudes specifically prescribed for helicopters by the FAA

Question 2

Alcohol (FAR 91.17)

Answer 2

1. No person may act or attempt to act as a crew member of a civil aircraft:
   - within 8 hours after consumption of any alcohol (12-24 hours is recommended)
   - while under the influence of alcohol
   - while using any drug that may effect the persons faculties contrary to safety
   - with a BAC of .04 or greater
2. No pilot may allow a person who appears to be intoxicated or under the influence of drugs to be carried in the aircraft
   - except in an emergency

Question 3

Effects are of alcohol

Answer 3

• impaired judgment
• decreased sense of responsibility
• decreased coordination
• constricted visual field
• diminished memory
• lower attention span
• increased frequency of errors

Question 4

Careless and reckless operation (FAR 91.13)

Answer 4

1. No person may operate an aircraft in a careless or reckless manner so as to endanger the life and property of another
   - careless- doing it unknowingly
   - reckless- doing it knowingly

Question 5

Aircraft lights
FAR 91.209
FAR 91.205 (c) (FLAPA)
Robinson (NAIL)

Answer 5

1. FAR 91.209: no person from the period from sunset to sunrise:
   - operate an aircraft unless it has position lights
   - may park or move aircraft in or in proximity to night flight operations unless the AC has lighted position lights
2. FAR 91.205 (c): required lights at night (FAA)
   F- fuses spare set of each kind used, accessible in flight
   L- landing light- if operated for hire
   A- anti-collision light- must be used if equipped
   P- position lights (nav lights)- from sunset to sunrise
   A- adequate source of electrical energy to power systems
3. Required by Robinson lights:
   N- nav lights (position lights)
   A- anti-collision light
   I- instrument lights
   L- landing light (one electrical)
   +1 ground or celestial lighting (for special orientation)

Question 6

Right of way rules (91.113)

Answer 6

• An aircraft in distress has right of way over all other aircraft
• Converging- when aircraft of the same category are converging, the aircraft to the others right has the right of way. If of different categories:
  i. A ballon; has the right of way over any other category of aircraft
  ii. A glider; has right of way over an airship
  iii. An airship (blimp); over powered parachute, weight-shift-controlled aircraft, airplane, or rotorcraft
  IV. An aircraft towing has the right of way over all other engine driven aircraft
  V. Approaching head on, each pilot of each aircraft shall alter course to the right
  VI. Overtaking- each aircraft that is being overtaken has the right of way and each pilot of an overtaking aircraft shall alter course to the right to pass well clear
  VII. Landing aircraft- aircraft while on final approach to land or while landing has the right of way of other aircraft in flight or operating on the surface. When two or more aircraft are approaching an airport for the purpose of landing, the aircraft at the lower altitude has the right of way, but it shall not take advantage of this rule and cut in front of another aircraft that is on final approach