REMOVAL & TERM LIMITS

Question 1

Advantages to Term Limits

Answer 1

• check executive power by inhibiting emergence of dictators
• reduce likelihood of corruption
• help to focus officeholder on governing rather than winning elections
• provide opportunities for new leaders, ideas, policies, etc.

Question 2

Disadvantages to Term Limits

Answer 2

• force good executives to leave
• allow insufficient time for an executive to achieve goals
• impede policy continuity
• weakens accountability
• create lame-duck period for the officeholder
• prevent the officeholder from building experience as chief executive
• can cause poorly designed policy

Question 3

Removal in UK

Answer 3

MONARCH:
- Life term
- Limit of hereditary succession
- Removal through death or abdication

PM:
- No fixed term
- Limit of “commands the confidence”
- Removal through:
1. no vote of no confidence
2. resignation
3. political party loses majority power in gov.

Question 4

Removal in Nigeria

Answer 4

PRESIDENT:
- 4 year term
- Limit of 2 term limit

• Removal:
  1. 1/3 of NA must propose to initiate for “gross misconduct”
  2. Motion must be passed 2/3 in each chamber of National Assembly
  3. Panel of 7 investigates allegations. Must be nonbiased
  4. After 3 months, panel provides report to National Assembly
  5. President removed by 2/3 vote of National Assemble

Question 5

Removal in Mexico

Answer 5

PRESIDENT:
- 6 year term
- Limit of 1 term only (sexenio)

Removal:
- Impeached for treason or serious common crimes (process not defined)
- Reps and Senators may be impeached, process like US
- Recall vote was taken in 2020, proposed by President

Question 6

Removal in Russia

Answer 6

PRESIDENT:
- 6 year term
- Limit is reset after 2020 Amendment (no term limits)
Removal:
1. 1/3 of Duma indicts President with a special commission
2. “high treason or other crimes”
3. Federation Council votes; 2/3rd for removal

PM:
- Indefinite term with no limits (essentially along with President)
Removal: Removed by President

Question 7

Removal in China

Answer 7

PRESIDENT:
- 5 year term
- No term limit
Removal:
- NPC can remove President and Premier
- Does not really have a defined process, NPS just has the power to remove

PREMIER
- 5 year term
- Limit of 2 terms (can be reset once consecutively)
Removal: Removed by majority vote

Question 8

Removal in Iran

Answer 8

SUPREME LEADER:
- Life term
- No term limit
Removal: Can be removed by Assembly of Religious Experts and/or the Guardian Council (exact process is vague)

PRESIDENT:
- 4 year term
- Limit of 2 terms
Removal: Can be removed by the Supreme Leader AND/OR common crimes can be tried in common courts with the knowledge of the Majlis