Reproductive

Question 1

Estrogen

Answer 1

secreted by the ovaries
effects: maturation of reproductive organs. development of secondary sex characteristics. Thickening of endometrium. Decreased LDL, increased HDL in the blood.
lengthening of bones, increasing bone density

Question 2

Progesterone

Answer 2

• secreted primarily by the corpus luteum
• effects include: breast maturation during growth and development. thickening and stabilization of endometrium in preparation for implantation. Maturation of milk-producing ducts during pregnancy.

Question 3

Common adverse effects of oral contraceptives:

Answer 3

• increased risk of hypertension and thromboembolic events
• increased risk fo breast and cervical cancer
• breast tenderness, nausea, bloating, chloasma (darkening of the skin)

Question 4

risks of progestin only oral-contraceptives

Answer 4

• higher incidence of irregular menstrual cycles including amenorrhea and higher risk of ectopic pregnancy

Question 5

Risk of HRT

Answer 5

• MI, stroke, thromboembolism, breast cancer and dementia

Question 6

2 classes of meds to treat ED

Answer 6

1. hormone replacement therapy

2. phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (cause vasodilation in the penis)

Question 7

Why is it dangerous to combine a vasodilator with a PDE-5?

Answer 7

Be careful to give PDE-5 inhibitor with vasodilatorbecause it can lead to hypotenstion due to too much vasodilation

Question 8

2 major classes of meds for BPH

Answer 8

• 5-alpha reductase inhibitors: prevents conversion of testosterone to 5DHT removing stimulus for hyperplasia (finasteride, dutasteride)
• alpha 1- adrenergic blocker: reduces smooth muscle tone of bladder and urethra minimizing difficulty urinating (tamulosin)