Reproductive system

Question 1

Male and female sex organ functions:

Answer 1

1. Production of gametes (sex cells)

2. Production of hormones

Question 2

Production of gametes (sex cells) and production of hormones are under the control of:

Answer 2

Tropic hormones from the pituitary gland

Question 3

Testicular activity is under the control of 2 anterior pituitary hormones:

Answer 3

1. FSH regulates sperm production

2. ICSH/ LH stimulates interstitial cells to produce testosterone

Question 4

Interstitial cells:

Answer 4

Lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce testosterone

Question 5

Where does sperm develop?

Answer 5

Within the seminiferous tubules of each testis

Question 6

Testosterone function:

Answer 6

Influences sperm cell development and produces male secondary sex characteristics (facial/body hair and deep voice)

Question 7

Pathway of sperm upon ejaculation:

Answer 7

Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Urethra

Question 8

Glands/pathways that produce transport medium/semen:

Answer 8

Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral (Cowper’s glands)

Question 9

Epididymis:

Answer 9

Where sperm is stored as they mature

Question 10

Vas deferens:

Answer 10

Sperm duct

Question 11

Seminal vescicles:

Answer 11

Secretes milky alkaline substance that help sperm survive in the acidic vagina

Question 12

Prostate gland:

Answer 12

Thins semen

Question 13

Bulbourethral (Cowper’s glands):

Answer 13

Lubricates urethra prior to ejaculation

Question 14

Estrogen:

Answer 14

Produced by the follicle, initiates preparation of the endometrium of the uterus for pregnancy

Question 15

Role of LH in female reproductive system:

Answer 15

Released from the pituitary, stimulates ovulation and the conversion of the follicle to corpus luteum

Question 16

Corpus luteum secretes:

Answer 16

Estrogen and progesterone

Question 17

Corpus luteum and fertilization:

Answer 17

If fertilization occurs, corpus luteum remains functional.

If fertilization does not occur, corpus luteum degenerates and menstruation occurs

Question 18

What happens if fertilization occurs?

Answer 18

1. The egg is in the oviduct/ fallopian tube
2. The fertilized egg or zygote travels to the uterus and plants itself in the endometrium
3. The developing embryo is nourished by the placenta
4. Hormones from the placenta maintain the endometrium and prepare mammary glands for breast milk production

Question 19

How is the placenta formed?

Answer 19

By embryonic and maternal tissues

Question 20

Progesterone:

Answer 20

Stimulates the development of the endometrium

Question 21

Internal female genitalia:

Answer 21

Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Vagina

Question 22

Ovaries:

Answer 22

Produce oocytes and secrete sex hormones

Question 23

Fallopian tube:

Answer 23

Captures oocytes during ovulation, leading to fertilization

Question 24

Regulatory hormones that orchestrate the menstrual cycle:

Answer 24

• Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
• Luteinizing hormone (LH)
• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 25

External female genitalia:

Answer 25

``` Vulva structures ________________ Mons pubis Labia majora Labia minora Bartholin's glands Clitoris ```

Question 26

Mons pubis:

Answer 26

Fatty tissue overling pubic bone

Question 27

Labia majora/minora:

Answer 27

Protects tissues

Question 28

Barholin's glands:

Answer 28

Lubricates vagina

Question 29

Clitoris:

Answer 29

Nerve endings that contribute to sexual arousal

Question 30

Where is the hormone that prepares the female's breast milk originate?

Answer 30

Placenta