Research Issues

Question 1

What are extraneous variables?

Answer 1

Variables other than the IV that might affect the DV if not controlled.

Question 2

What is a cofounding variable?

Answer 2

An uncontrolled variable that does affect the DV, messing up the results.

Question 3

What are demand characteristics?

Answer 3

When participants guess the study’s aim and change their behaviour to either please the researcher or screw them.

Question 4

What are investigator effects?

Answer 4

When the researcher’s behaviour or expectations influence the participants or results.

Question 5

What is randomisation?

Answer 5

Using chance to reduce bias when designing or running a study.

Question 6

What is standardisation?

Answer 6

Keeping all procedures the same for every participant to ensure fairness and control.