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Question 1

When is NIV indicated in COPD?

Answer 1

When the PH is between 7.25 and 7.35
Other indications include:

type II respiratory failure secondary to chest wall deformity, neuromuscular disease or obstructive sleep apnoea
cardiogenic pulmonary oedema unresponsive to CPAP
weaning from tracheal intubation

Question 2

What are the indications for LTOT in COPD?

Answer 2

LTOT should be offered to patients with a pO2 of < 7.3 kPa or to those with a pO2 of 7.3 - 8 kPa and one of the following:
secondary polycythaemia
nocturnal hypoxaemia
peripheral oedema
pulmonary hypertension