What animal is the only known animal to not have pleural space?
Elephant
How does the respiratory system of birds differ significantly from that found in mammals?
- air sacs
- lack of diaphragm
- lack of pleural cavity
What serves as the respiratory organs in amphibians?
both the lungs and the skin
What is very unique about olfactory epithelium?
Has neurons in an epithelium exposed to the environment
Serous olfactory glands
Bowman’s glands
- serous glands in the lamina propria
- secretions dissolve inhaled substances for detection by olfactory cells
vomeronasal organ
- tubular gland in nasal cavity, located on either side of nasal septum
- has both olfactory and respiratory epithelium
- functions in olfaction related to pheromones
Flehmen Reaction
- olfaction response to phermones in male animals
- cats and horses
- male animals smell female urine or genitals
Type I Pneumocyte (P1)
- looks like an endothelial cell
- lines alveolus
Type II Pneumocyte (P2)
- produces surfactant
- cuboidal
- appears vacuolated or granular due to lamellar bodies
- stem cell for alveolar lining
3 Components of the Blood-Air Barrier
- endotheial cell lining capillary
- basement membrane
- alveolar type I pneumocyte lining the alveolus
Nutritional blood supply of the lungs?
bronchoesophageal artery, from the aorta
Functional blood supply of the lungs?
pulmonary artery
What moves air in and out in the avian respiratory system?
air sacs
T/F: The lungs in birds will change in size during respiration.
False.
There is no size change.
Why is the avian respiratory system more efficient at gas exchange?
- thin walls
- smaller alveoli
- rich capillary system
