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Respiratory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Anthraco

A

Coal, charcoal, carbon

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2
Q

Atel/o

A

Imperfect, incomplete

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3
Q

Brady

A

Slow

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4
Q

Bronch/i

Bronch/o

A

Bronchus, windpipe

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5
Q

-capnia

A

Presence of carbon dioxide

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6
Q

Chron/o

A

Time

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7
Q

Eu

A

Normal, true

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8
Q

Laryngo

A

Larynx, laryngeal

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9
Q

Muc/i

Muc/o

A

Mucus

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10
Q

Nas/o

A

Nose, nasal

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11
Q

Oro

A

Mouth, oral

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12
Q

Orth/o

A

Straight

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13
Q

Oxy

A

Presence of oxygen

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14
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx, throat

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15
Q

Phon/o

A

Sound, speech, voice sounds

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16
Q

Phren/o

A

Diaphragm

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17
Q

Pleur/a

Pleur/o

A

Rib, side, lung membrane

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18
Q

-pnea

A

Respiration, respiratory condition

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19
Q

Pneum/o
Pneum/on
Pneum/ono

A

Air, gas, lung, breathing

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20
Q

Pulmo/n

Pulmo/no

A

Lungs

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21
Q

Rhin/o

A

Nose

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22
Q

Spir/o

A

Breathing

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23
Q

Tachy

A

Rapid, quick

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24
Q

Thorac/ico

Thorac/o

A

Chest

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25
Trache/o
Trachea, tracheal
26
Nasal cavity
The space on either side of the nasal spectrum
27
Pharynx
Region between the mouth and the esophagus; throat
28
Larynx
Voice box
29
Trachea
Tube that conducts air from the larynx to the bronchial; windpipe
30
Lungs
Organs of breathing
31
Nares
Nostrils
32
Nasal spectrum
Wall dividing the nasal cavity into right and left sides
33
Paranasal sinuses
Hollow, air filled spaces in the bones of the face that are lined with mucous membrane; sinuses
34
Nasopharynx
Region of the pharynx behind the nasal cavity
35
Pharyngeal tonsil
Lymphatic tissue on the posterior wall of the Nasopharynx; adenoid
36
Oropharynx
Region of the pharynx located near the back of the mouth
37
Palatine tonsils
Lymphatic tissue embedded in wall of oropharynx; tonsils
38
Alveolo
Alveolus (air cell), alveolar
39
Laryngopharynx
Lower-most region of the pharynx located near the larynx
40
Uvula
Fleshy flap at the back of the oral cavity that hangs above the throat
41
Glottis
A slit-like opening where air enters the larynx
42
Epiglottis
Flap of cartilage that guards the glottis during swallowing
43
Vocal cords
Structures that vibrate in the larynx to produce sound
44
Bronchi
The two main branches (left and right) off the trachea
45
Bronchioles
Small divisions of bronchi
46
Terminal bronchioles
Subdivision of the bronchioles
47
Conducting airway
Respiratory structures involved with air distribution
48
Respiratory airway
Respiratory structures involved with gas exchange
49
Alveoli
Tiny air sacs in lungs where gases are exchanged between alveolar air and blood
50
Visceral pleura
Serous membrane on the lung surface
51
Parietal pleura
Serous membrane lining the thoracic cavity
52
Apex
Rounded top portion of lung pointing toward the first rib
53
Base
Lower part of lung that rests on the diaphragm
54
Hilum
Wedge-shaped depression on the mediastinal surface of each
55
Surfactant
Substance that helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing
56
Inhalation
Process of inhaling or inspiring
57
Exhalation
Process of exhaling or expiring
58
Respiration
Chemical process occurring in tissues for gas exchange; breathing
59
Pulmonary ventilation
Breathing, respiration
60
Diaphragm
Curved muscle that separates the thoracic cavity an abdominal cavity
61
Tussis
Cough
62
Eupnea
Normal breathing
63
Spirometer
Device that measures inhaled and exhaled air volumes
64
Pulmonary function test (PFT)
Evaluates and assesses lung function by measuring lung volumes and capacities
65
Tidal volume (TV)
Amount of air inhaled or exhaled In a single breath
66
Inspiratory reserve volume(IRV)
Amount of air that can be forcibly expired after normal inhalation
67
Expiratory reserve volume(ERV)
Amount of air that can be forcibly expired after normal exhalation
68
Vital capacity(VC)
Amount of air that can be exhaled after the deepest possible inhalation
69
Biot respirations
Alternating periods of apnea with breaths of the same depth
70
Cheye-stakes respirations
Alternating patterns of apnea and deep, rapid breathing
71
Kussmal respirations
Rapid air respiration; air hunger
72
Pulmonary embolism
Blood clot lodged in a pulmonary artery
73
Cyanosis
Bluish colored tissue due to a lack of oxygen in the blood
74
Rales
Abnormal hissing or whistling respiratory sounds
75
Oxygen therapy
Supplying oxygen via nasal cannula, Venturi mask, or oxygen tent
76
Nasal cannula
Flexible tube placed in the nares to deliver oxygen
77
Venturi mask
Face mask that delivers oxygen
78
Resuscitation bag
Bag that is manually pumped to deliver air/oxygen
79
Nebulizer
Device for administering medicinal liquid in the form of spray to be breathed through the mouth/nose; atomizer
80
Oxygen tent
Structure that surrounds a patient in bed to supply oxygen
81
Endotracheal tube
Tube passed through the mouth or nose to the trachea
82
Tracheostomy
Tube placed through a hole in the trachea
83
Cystic fibrosis
Inherited disorder characterized by thick mucus secretions that block the internal passages; including the lungs
84
Sputum
Fluid or semifluid mucus mixture; phlegm
85
Expectorated
Coughed up and spit out
86
Hypoxia
Inadequate oxygen in tissue
87
Clubbing of fingers
Rounding of the fingers like a club due to chronic inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissue
88
Peak expiratory flow test
PEF test; a measurement of the volume of air after forced expiration using PEF meter
89
Pulse oximetry
Measurement of oxygen in blood, found by using pulse oximeter
90
Postural drainage
PD; positioning the body to allow gravity to drain mucus from areas of the lungs
91
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
General term describing lung disease affecting the bronchial tree
92
Bronchiectasis
Chronic dilation of the airways
93
Mucopurulent
Pertaining to mucus with pus
94
Hemoptysis
Coughing up blood or bloody mucus
95
Bronchoscopy
Procedure for viewing the inside of the respiratory structures using a bronchoscope
96
Lung biopsy
Removal of lung tissue for diagnostic evaluation
97
Bronchodilator
Drug that ease breathing by relaxing the air passages
98
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchial tubes
99
Emphysema
Chronic lung disorder characterized by enlarged air sacs
100
Barrel chest
Abnormal rounded chest cavity
101
Asthma
Breathing disorder characterized by chest tightness and airway constriction
102
Rhonchus
Harsh rattling sound
103
Wheeze
Audible whistling breath sound
104
Bronchospasm
Contraction of smooth in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles, causing them to narrow
105
Bronchial asthma
Form of asthma with attacks of dyspnea and bronchial spasms
106
Exercise-induced asthma
Form of asthma with bronchoconstriction caused by exercise
107
Pneumoconiosis
Disease caused by inhaling mineral or metallic dust over a long period of time
108
Asbestosis
Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of asbestos fibers
109
Anthracosis
Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of coal dust
110
Berylliosis
Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of beryllium
111
Silicosis
Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of saliva
112
Upper respiratory infection
(URI) Acute infection causing inflammation that affects the upper respiratory structures
113
Rhinoviruses
Any of many RNA viruses that cause upper respiratory tract infections
114
Decongestant
Drug that reduces nasal congestion
115
Nasal polyp
Benign growth on the nasal mucous membranes
116
Allergic rhinitis
Nasal inflammation resulting from an allergy
117
Nasal speculum
Instrument for viewing the nasal cavity
118
Acute rhinitis
Inflammation of the nasal cavity caused by infection; nasal catarrh
119
Lacrimation
Tear production
120
Coryza
Runny nose
121
Sinusitis
Inflammation of the sinuses
122
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the pharynx; sore throat
123
Dysphasia
Hoarseness, difficulty speaking
124
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing
125
Laryngitis
Larynx inflammation
126
Aphonia
Complete loss of the voice
127
Laryngoscope
Lighted instrument with a short metal or plastic tube used for examining the larynx
128
Laryngoscopy
Visual examination of the larynx using a lighted instrument called a Laryngoscope
129
Histoplasmosis
Fungal infection of the lungs
130
Exudate
Seeping mass of cells and fluid
131
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs
132
Aspiration pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs that results from inhaling a substance into the lung field
133
Lobar pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs affection one or more lives or parts of a lobe
134
Sputum studies
Tests to evaluate substances found in sputum
135
Culture and sensitivity studies
(C&S) studies; tests to identify microbes and the effectiveness of various antibiotics
136
Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia
RSV pneumonia; lung inflammation caused by RSV
137
Legionnaires' disease
Pneumonia caused by legionella pneumophila; legionellosis
138
Influenza
Viral infection producing fever, sore throat, cough, an muscle pain; flu
139
Tuberculosis
TB; infectious disease affecting the lungs caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
140
Tuberculin test
Intradermal test used to establish past or present TB; Mantoux test
141
Lung cancer
Malignant tumors of the lung tissue
142
Mesothelioma
Cancer derived from the lining cells of the pleura and peritoneum, associated with asbestosis exposure
143
Lobectomy
Surgical removal of all or part of a lung
144
Pneumothorax
Abnormal presence of air/gas in pleural cavity
145
Thoracentesis
Needle aspiration of the pleural cavity through the chest wall for fluid or air withdrawal
146
Hemothorax
Blood in the pleural cavity
147
Respiratory acidosis
Low blood pH caused by carbon dioxide retention
148
Respiratory alkalosis
Increased blood pH due to elimination of too much carbon dioxide
149
Adult respiratory distress syndrome
ARDS; Disorder marked by hypercapnia, acidema, and severe hypoxemia resulting in cyanosis
150
Hypercapnia
Too much carbon dioxide in the blood
151
Acidema
Abnormally low blood pH
152
Hypoxemia
Inadequate oxygen in the blood
153
Pulmonary edema
Fluid accumulation in the lungs causing breathing difficulty
154
Positive end-expiratory pressure
PEEP; positive-pressure air delivered during expiration(exhalation)
155
Altitude sickness
Illness cause by the ascent to a high altitude and the resulting shortage of oxygen; mountain sickness
156
Infant respiratory distress syndrome
IRDS; disorder marked by breathing difficulty am cyanosis in an infant
157
All acronyms for Infant respiratory distress syndrome
IRDS NRDS(neonatal respiratory distress syndrome) HMD(hyaline membrane disease)
158
Arterial blood gas
ABG; evaluation of blood pH, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and HCO2 concentrations
159
Mechanical ventilator
Machine for moving air into and out of a person's lungs; respirator
160
Continuous positive airway pressure
CPAP; positive-pressure air delivered throughout the respiratory cycle
161
Sudden infant death syndrome
SIDS; sudden, unexplained, unexpected death of a sleeping infant
162
Respiratory failure
Respiratory system is unable to meet the oxygen demands of the body, and carbon dioxide levels increase
163
Flailchest
Fracture of the ribcage that causes paradoxical chest wall movement
164
Paradoxical respiration
Breathing that is contrary to usual movements in that the lungs deflates during inhalation, and inflates during exhalation
165
Carbon monoxide poisoning
Disorder resulting from hemoglobin combining with carbon dioxide instead of oxygen
166
Four main functions of the respiratory system
1. Bring in oxygen to tissue and cells 2. Eliminate waste(CO2) from tissue and cells 3. Expels water through lungs 4. Aid in speech via air flow past larynx
167
Nose
Only visible part of the system, catches large foreign bodies with mucus
168
Nares
Nostrils; holes in nose that air passes through
169
Septum
Cartilage separating the nares
170
Mucosa
Rests on thin walled veins that warms the air traveling into the body, moistens and traps foreign bodies, contains enzymes that destroys bacteria
171
Cilia
Located on mucosa lining and trachea, gentle current moves mucus to throat to be swallowed and digested, helps you cough
172
Conchae/turbinates
Three mucus covered projections, increase surface area of the mucus, increases air turbulence in the cavity to trap debris from reaching lungs
173
Bifurcation
Splitting of trachea
174
What are the two sinuses?
1. Frontal sinuses | 2. Sphenoid sinuses
175
What's the term for the splitting of the trachea?
Bifurcation
176
Where is the vocal cords located?
The larynx
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