Urinary System Flashcards by Delilah Drummond

Urin/o

Ur/o

Urine

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Nephr/o

Ren/o

Kidney

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Pyel/o

Pelv/o

Renal pelvis

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Ureter/o

Ureter

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Cyst/o

Vesicul/o

Bladder
Fluid filled sac
Vessel

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Urethr/o

Urethra

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Olig

Scant

Few

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Electr/o

Electrolytes

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Hydr/o

Water

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Lith/o

Stone

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Meat/o

Passageway

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Tub/o

Tube

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Prot/o

First

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Albumin/o

Albumin

Simple protein

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Calyc/o

Calyx/o

Cup

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Mict/o

Urine

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Urethrorrhea

Discharge from the urethra

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Renal failure

Inability to filter blood related to the loss of nephron function

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Uremia

Toxic condition of increased urea in the blood

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Urethrotomy

Surgical opening into the urethra

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Urteroplasty

Reconstruction of the ureters

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Lithotripsy

Extracorporeal shock wave

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Renal colic

Acute pain in the kidney area

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Urterosclerosis

Hardening of the ureters

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Cystolith

Stone in the bladder

Cystitis

Inflammation of the bladder

Nephrotic syndrome

Generalized group of kidney diseases

Nephritis

Inflammation of the kidney

Nephrolith

Kidney stone

Urterolith

Stone in the ureters

Nephrectasis

Enlargement of the kidneys

UTI

Urinary tract infection

Cystectomy

Removal of the urinary bladder

Glomerulonephritis

Inflammation of the kidney involving the glomerulus

Cystalgia

Pain in the bladder

Nephrectomy

Removal of a kidney

Ureterorrhagia

Bleeding of the ureters

Anuria

Complete cessation of urine production

Functions of the urinary system

- Filters blood - Eliminates metabolic waste - Maintains hydration balance - Maintains blood pressure

How much blood does the kidneys filter out per minute

20%

Structures of the urinary system

- 2 kidneys - Pair of tubular ureters - Bladder - Urethra

Function of the kidneys

Remove substances from blood to be excreted in urine

Function of ureters

Transport urine from kidneys to bladder

Function of bladder

Hold urine to be excreted out of the body

Function of the urethra

Transports urine out of the body

Processes of the urinary system

- Filtration - Reabsorption - Secretion - Excretion

Filtration

Water and solute pass through renal membranes

Reabsorption

Water and solute are removed from the filtrate and returned to the body

Secretion

Release of waste materials

Excretion

Elimination of waste materials

Urinary system specialists

- Nephrologist | - Urologist

Nephrologist

Specialist of the kidneys

Urologist

Specialist of the urinary tract and male genitalia

ADH

Anti-diuretic hormone

Code yellow

Bladder burst

Bladder capacity

300-400ml

Retro

Behind

Peritoneum

Abdominen

Where is the kidneys located?

The retroperitoneal area of torso

Why is the right kidney slightly lower than the left?

The liver taking up so much space

CVA

Costovertebral Angle

Nephron

- Functional unit of the kidney - Each kidney contains about 1.25 million - Consists of renal capsule and renal tubule

Renal tubule

Coiled tube that leads away from the glomerular capsule and empties into the renal pelvis

Name all the places the metabolic waste goes before urination

Renal artery>glomerulus inside the bowman's capsule>proximal tubule>loop of henle>distal tubule>collecting duct

What happens to the blood after the loop of henle?

It goes through the distal tubule and into the capillaries, taking it to the renal vein

Alternate terms for urination

- Micturation | - Voided

What is urine made out of

95% water and 5% metabolic waste

What muscles close the urethra when not urinating

Sphincter muscles

What are the different physical examinations you can do to diagnose any urinary related disorders?

- Palpitation at CVA and suprapubic - Blood test - Urine test

Dysuria

Difficult and painful urination

Hematuria

Blood in urine

Oliguria

Scant urine production

What would count as Oliguria?

Urine production below 500cc in 24 hours

Nocturia

Getting up to pee frequently at night

Polyuria

Abnormal amount of urine

Frequency

Urination more than usual

Incontinence

Inability to control passage of urine from the bladder

Stress incontinence

Losing the ability to control urine while sneezing, coughing, laughing, or anything that causes stress to the body

Hesitancy

Difficulty beginning flow of urine

Urgency

A strong need to urinate

Glomerular filtration rate

Nuclear scan to assess how the blood is being filtered

Cystoscopy

Visual exam of the bladder with a scope

Intravenous pyelogram

X-ray after injection of a radiopaque dye

Cystopexy

Attachment of the bladder to the abdominal wall

Nephrostomy

Procedure that involves inserting a tube (nephrostomy) or a catheter through the skin inside the kidney to drain urine

Dialysis

Procedure to compensate for loss of kidney function

Types of dialysis

- Peritoneal dialysis | - Hemodialysis

Urinary System Flashcards

(87 cards)