River Flow Patterns

Question 1

Turbulent flow

Answer 1

An irregular, whirling flow.

Uneven river bed.
Steep gradient.
Much friction, river flows slowly.
More erosion.
Typical of upper course.

Question 2

Laminar flow

Answer 2

Water flows in thin layers.

Level, smooth river bed.
Gentle gradient.
Little friction, river flows quickly.
Less erosion.
Typical of lower course.

Question 3

Which part of river flows more slowly?

Answer 3

Water in contact with the channel- due to friction.

Question 4

Which part of the river flows fastest?

Answer 4

In the middle, just below the surface (1/3 of the depth).
Away from banks, bed and air.