PATHOLOGY > Rosai Chapter 16 - Appendix > Flashcards

Rosai Chapter 16 - Appendix Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

The appendix reaches its maximum diameter by what age?

A

4 years old

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2
Q

other name of Obliteration of the tip of the Appendix (4):

A
  • Fibrous obliteration
  • Neuroma
  • Neuroappendicopathy
  • Neurogenic appendicitis
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3
Q

Most common abdominal surgical emergency

A

Acute appendicitis

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4
Q

Earliest gross findings in acute appendicitis

A

-dullness of the serosal surface with injection of the serosal vessels

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5
Q

Most common complication of acute appendicitis

A

Perforation

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6
Q

Most helpful in confirming the diagnosis of Crohn disease in the appendix

A

presence of Extra-appendiceal disease

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7
Q

other name of Enterobius vermicularis (2)

A
  • Pinworms

- Oxyuriasis

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8
Q

Highest prevalence of pinworm infection

A

-Children and Adolescents

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9
Q

Bacterial infection that is a well-known cause of granulomatous appendicitis

A

Yersinia (Y. enterocolitica or Y. pseudotuberculosis)

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10
Q

Characteristic histologic features of Yersinia infection (3):

A
  • Epithelioid granulomas with associated prominent lymphoid tissue
  • Mural fibrosis
  • Transmural lymphoid aggregates
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11
Q

Histologic features that distinguish Sessile Serrated Polyps/Adenomas from Hyperplastic polyps (4):

A
  • Dilated crypts
  • Serrations that extend the full length of the gland
  • Lateral branching/budding of glands at the base
  • “Reverse maturation”
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12
Q

Intestinal-type Adenoma vs. SSP/A & LAMN

-do not show circumferential involvement of the mucosa

A

Intestinal-type Adenoma

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13
Q

Other name of Goblet Cell Carcinoid (3):

A
  • Goblet cell-type Adenocarcinoid
  • Mucinous carcinoid tumor
  • Crypt cell carcinoma
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14
Q

Goblet cell carcinoid tumor that give rise to adenocarcinoma, often signet ring cell type or poorly differentiated

A

Adenocarcinoma ex goblet cell carcinoid

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15
Q

Features indicative of carcinoma in Adenocarcinoma ex goblet cell carcinoid (4):

A
  • Significant nuclear atypia
  • Single infiltrating cells
  • Loss of mucin production
  • increased Ki-67 immunolabeling
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16
Q

Distinct manner of invasion of the appendiceal wall in LAMN

A

-a broad pushing front with effacement of the muscularis mucosae and mural atrophy, fibrosis, and/or calcification

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17
Q

Features favoring diverticulum over LAMN (3):

A
  • Presence of non-neoplastic epithelium
  • Continuity of mural epithelium with that lining the lumen of the lesion
  • intact, normal-appearing muscularis propria
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18
Q

Myxoglobulosis is also known as:

A

“Caviar appendix”

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19
Q

POSITIVE or NEGATIVE

IHCs of Appendiceal mucinous neoplasm and Pseudomyxoma peritonei:

CK20

A

POSITIVE

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20
Q

POSITIVE or NEGATIVE

IHCs of Appendiceal mucinous neoplasm and Pseudomyxoma peritonei:

CDX2

A

POSITIVE

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21
Q

POSITIVE or NEGATIVE

IHCs of Appendiceal mucinous neoplasm and Pseudomyxoma peritonei:

MUC2

22
Q

POSITIVE or NEGATIVE

IHCs of Appendiceal mucinous neoplasm and Pseudomyxoma peritonei:

CK7

Study These Flashcards
A

Variably positive

23
Q

POSITIVE or NEGATIVE

Mutations in appendiceal adenomas, LAMN, and Mucinous adenocarcinoma

KRAS

24
Q

POSITIVE or NEGATIVE

Mutations in appendiceal adenomas, LAMN, and Mucinous adenocarcinoma

BRAF

25
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE Mutations in appendiceal adenomas, LAMN, and Mucinous adenocarcinoma APC
NEGATIVE
26
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE Mutations in appendiceal adenomas, LAMN, and Mucinous adenocarcinoma MSI
NEGATIVE
27
Most common type of appendiceal tumor
Well differentiated NETs
28
Location of great majority of Appendiceal NETs
-tip/distal third
29
Morphologically, the vast majority of appendiceal NETs
Serotonin-producing Enterochromaffin (EC) cell tumors
30
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of EC cell tumors: Chromogranin A
Positive
31
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of EC cell tumors: Synaptophysin
Positive
32
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of EC cell tumors: Serotonin
Positive
33
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of EC cell tumors: CDX2
Positive -marker of midgut derivation
34
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of EC cell tumors: S100
Positive -in sustentacular cells
35
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of EC cell tumors: Ki-67
Positive -very low (less than 1%)
36
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of EC cell tumors: Pancytokeratin
Weakly Positive
37
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of EC cell tumors: CK7
Negative
38
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of EC cell tumors: CK20
Negative
39
Formerly known as Tubular Carcinoids
-Enteroglucagon (L) cell NETs
40
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: Chromogranin B
Positive
41
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: Synaptophysin
Positive
42
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: Glucagon
Positive
43
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: IgA
Positive
44
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: Pancreatic polypeptide
Positive
45
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: Peptide YY
Positive
46
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: CEA
Positive
47
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: Ki-67
Positive -very low
48
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: CK7
Variable
49
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: CK20
Variable
50
POSITIVE or NEGATIVE IHC of L cell NETs: Chromogranin A
Negative
51
Features favoring tubular carcinoids over primary or metastatic adenocarcinoma (3):
- Lack of mitoses and nuclear atypia - Orderly arrangement - Origin at the base of the glands of otherwise normal mucosa
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