What drug group does salbutamol belong to and what is it’s mechanism of action?
A short-acting beta-2 agonist.
It binds to beta-2 receptors on bronchial smooth muscle, mimicking natural adrenaline to increase cyclic AMP levels.
Leads to bronchodilation to open the airway.
What are common side effects of salbutamol?
Tachycardia, fine tremors, headache, muscle cramps.
What are salbutamol’s indications for use?
Chronic asthma, acute asthma, bronchospasm, severe hyperkalaemia.
What is absorption like for salbutamol?
When inhaled, a small portion is rapidly absorbed directly through the lungs into the blood.
Most is swallowed and absorbed through the GI tract and undergoes first-pass metabolism in the liver.
What is distribution like for salbutamol?
Most of the drug is free and active, allowing it to move quickly into tissues.
What is metabolism like for salbutamol?
Salbutamol is metabolized in the liver via sulfate conjugation.
What is excretion like for salbutamol?
Salbutamol is primarily excreted through the kidneys via urine.
In what routes and formulations is salbutamol available?
• Inhalation - inhalers, nebulisers
• Oral - tablets, liquid
• IV - injection, infusion
What is the half life and dosing intervals of salbutamol?
Half life of approximately 4-6 hours
When inhaled, administered every 4-6 hours as needed.
