Science Flashcards

(65 cards)

1
Q

Is the scientific study of matter, its properties, the changes it undergoes, and the energy associated with those changes.

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

Is the scientific study of life and living organisms. It explores the structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution of all living things.

A

Biology

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3
Q

Is the scientific study of celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole.

A

Astronomy

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4
Q

Is the scientific study of the mind and behavior.

A

Psychology

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5
Q

Is the scientific study of the interactions between living organisms and their physical environment, and how these interactions determine the distribution and abundance of organisms.

A

Ecology

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6
Q

Is the scientific study of the Earth, its physical substance, its history, and the processes that act upon it.

A

Geology

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7
Q

is the branch of science that seeks to understand the natural world and its phenomena through empirical evidence, observation, and experimentation. It deals with objective, measurable data and is governed by the laws of nature.

A

Natural Science

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8
Q

Is the branch of science that studies formal systems, based on definitions and rules, independent of empirical observation. It is concerned with abstract structures and the relationships between them.

A

Formal Science

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9
Q

is the branch of science that studies human society and social relationships. It uses scientific methods to understand the behavior of individuals and groups within society.

A

Social Science

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10
Q

Is the scientific study of the Earth and its neighbors in space. It is an all-encompassing term for the sciences related to the planet Earth, integrating the principles of geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy to understand the Earth’s past, present, and future.

A

Earth Science (or Geoscience)

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11
Q

Is the science of structure, order, and relation that has evolved from elemental practices of counting, measuring, and describing the shapes of objects.

A

Mathematics

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12
Q

Is the systematic study of algorithmic processes, computational machines, and computation itself. It encompasses the theory, design, development, and application of computer systems and software.

A

Computer Science

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13
Q

Is the formal, systematic study of the principles of valid reasoning and sound inference. It analyzes the structure of arguments to distinguish between correct (valid) and incorrect (fallacious) reasoning.

A

Logic

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14
Q

Is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data. It provides methods for making sense of data, discovering patterns, and making informed decisions in the face of uncertainty and variation.

A

Statistics

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15
Q

Is the holistic and comparative study of humanity, across all times and all places. It seeks to understand what it means to be human by exploring our biological origins, cultural diversity, and social complexities from ancient times to the present.

A

Anthropology

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16
Q

Is the social science that studies how individuals, businesses, governments, and societies make choices about allocating scarce resources to satisfy their unlimited wants.

A

Economics

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17
Q

Is the systematic study of politics, government, and power. It examines how people govern themselves, how policies are made, and the theories and practices of power and collective decision-making at all levels, from local communities to international relations.

A

Political Science

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18
Q

Is the scientific study of human society, social relationships, social institutions, and the patterns of collective human behavior.

A

Sociology

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19
Q

A measure of the amount of matter in an object.

A

Mass

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19
Q

The smallest unit of a chemical element, consisting of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.

A

Atom

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20
Q

The smallest piece of matter

A

Atom

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21
Q

A collection of tissues that work together to perform a specific function in an organism

A

Organ

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22
Q

The speed of an object in a given direction.

A

Velocity

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23
Q

The fundamental force of attraction that exists between all objects with mass.

A

Gravity

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24
The process used by plants to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into food (glucose) and oxygen.
Photosynthesis
24
The scientific study of plant life.
Botany
25
The branch of biology that focuses on the study of animal life.
Zoology
26
The study of the internal structure of organisms.
Anatomy
27
A state of matter with a definite shape and volume.
Solid
28
A state of matter with a definite volume but no fixed shape.
Liquid
29
A state of matter with no definite shape or volume.
Gas
29
A transparent, odorless chemical substance whose molecule is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom
Water (H₂O)
30
The chemical element with the symbol O, which is essential for respiration in most living organisms.
Oxygen
31
The process by which gases in a planet's atmosphere trap heat, leading to an increase in surface temperature.
Greenhouse effect
32
A form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons), either statically or as a current.
Electricity
32
The physical phenomenon produced by the motion of electric charge, resulting in attractive and repulsive forces between objects.
Magnetism
33
The branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants.
Paleontology
34
A rapid, oxidative chemical process involving the release of heat and light.
Fire
35
The movement of an object from one place to another.
Kinetic Motion
36
The energy an object possesses due to its motion.
Kinetic Energy
37
The rate at which a vibration occurs that constitutes a wave, often measured in hertz (Hz).
Frequencies
37
The elements in Group 18 of the periodic table, known for being very unreactive.
Noble Gases
38
A stable subatomic particle with a negative charge, found in all atoms and acting as the primary carrier of electricity.
Electron
39
A stable subatomic particle with no net electric charge, found in the nucleus of an atom.
neutron
39
A stable subatomic particle with a positive charge, found in the nucleus of an atom.
Proton
40
A type of chemical bond formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Ionic Bond
41
A type of chemical bond where two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.
Covalent Bond
42
What is the largest and most superficial of the three gluteal muscles, primarily responsible for the shape of the buttocks?
Gluteus Maximus (Buttocks)
43
What is the smallest skeletal muscle in the human body, located in the middle ear and stabilizing the smallest bone?
Stapedius (MIddle ear)
44
The largest organ of the human body, providing a protective barrier against the external environment.
Skin
44
A small endocrine gland in the brain that produces the hormone melatonin, which regulates sleep cycles. Considered as the smallest organ in the human body.
Pineal Gland (Brain)
45
What is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, also known as the thigh bone?
Femur (Thigh)
46
What is the smallest and lightest bone in the human body, located in the middle ear? (Also known as the stirrup).
Stapes (Middle ear)
46
A large, round celestial body that orbits a star and has cleared its orbital path of most other debris.
Planet
47
What are massive, luminous spheres of plasma held together by their own gravity?
Star
47
The layer of gases that surrounds a planet or moon, held in place by gravity.
Atmosphere
48
What is the streak of light observed when a meteoroid burns up in a planet's atmosphere? (Commonly called a "shooting star").
Meteor
48
A small, rocky object that orbits the sun, sometimes called a "minor planet" or "planetoid."
Asteroid
49
The vast, three-dimensional expanse that exists beyond Earth's atmosphere, where all celestial bodies are located.
Space
50
Building Blocks of Life
* Cabohydrates * Lipids * Proteins * Nucleic Acid | Macromolecules
51
Energy Storing molecules containing Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio | Macromolecule
Cabohydrates
52
States that energy is never created or destroyed, only transformed. | Thermodynamics
1st law of thermodynamics
53
States that in a natural thermodynamic process, the sum of the entropies of the interacting thermodynamic systems never decreases. A common corollary of the statement is that heat does not spontaneously pass from a colder body to a warmer body. | Thermodynamics
2nd law of thermodynamics
54
states that a system's entropy approaches a constant value as the temperature approaches absolute zero. With the exception of non-crystalline solids (glasses), the entropy of a system at absolute zero is typically close to zero | Thermodynamics
3rd law of thermodynamics
55