1
Q
Systematic error
A
- consistently higher or lower than actual value
- flaws in method/instrument or human error
2
Q
How to fix systematic error
A
use the correct technique and properly calibrated instruments
3
Q
Reliability
A
a measure of how an experiment can be repeated with consistent results
- affected by random error
4
Q
Precision
A
how close data values are
- affected by random error
5
Q
Random error
A
- inconsistently higher or lower than actual value
6
Q
Random error fix
A
more trials to get a clearer average
7
Q
Systematic error example
A
- measuring meniscus consistently wrong
- weight isn’t calibrated properly
8
Q
Random error example
A
- qualitative observations (differences in human observations)
- reading from ruler or thermometer isn’t exactly precise
9
Q
Accuracy
A
how close the data values are to true value
- affected by systematic error
10
Q
Validity
A
the accuracy of a measurement - the degree to which an instrument, statistical technique or a test measures what it’s supposed to measure
Chemistry
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