Scientific Method

Question 1

Hypothesis

Answer 1

A testable statement that predicts how the independent variable will affect the dependent variable; “if…then…” relationship

Question 2

Independent Variable

Answer 2

The factor deliberately manipulated by the investigator to assess its effect on the outcome

Question 3

Dependent Variable

Answer 3

The measurable response that changes as a direct result of alterations in the independent variable

Question 4

Control Variables (Constants)

Answer 4

All factors maintained uniformly across all experimental groups to ensure that only the independent variable influences the results

Question 5

Experimental Group

Answer 5

The group that receives the independent variable being tested and is used to measure its effect on the dependent variable

Question 6

Control Group

Answer 6

The group that does not receive the experimental treatment; Provides baseline for comparison to evaluate the effect of the independent variable

Question 7

Positive Control

Answer 7

A group exposed to a treatment known to produce a predictable effect; Validates that the experimental setup can yield accurate + measurable results

Question 8

Negative Control

Answer 8

A group exposed to conditions expected to yield no effect; Confirms that any observed change in experimental groups is due to the variable being tested rather than outside influences