What is encoding in the context of learning?
The initial processing of information, converting sensory input into a form that the brain can store and use
Encoding is the first step in the learning process.
Define storage in the learning process.
Involves retaining encoded information over time
Storage is crucial for maintaining learned information for future use.
What does retrieval refer to?
The process of accessing stored information when needed
Retrieval is essential for applying learned knowledge.
What is the purpose of feedback in learning?
Provides information about performance, guiding future actions to refine learning strategies
Feedback helps learners understand their progress and areas for improvement.
Define metacognition.
The awareness and understanding of one’s thinking processes to monitor and regulate learning
Metacognition enables learners to be more effective in their study habits.
What is retrieval practice?
Enhances long-term retention by actively recalling information from memory
This technique is effective for solidifying knowledge.
Explain the concept of spacing in learning.
Strategically spacing out study sessions over time leads to more robust learning outcomes
Spacing helps prevent cramming and promotes better retention.
What does interleaving involve?
Mixing different topics or skills within a single study session promotes deeper understanding and transfer of knowledge
Interleaving contrasts with blocked practice, enhancing learning.
What is meant by feedback-driven metacognition?
Monitor and regulate learning processes to foster greater self-awareness and learning autonomy
This approach emphasizes the role of feedback in self-regulation.
Define desirable difficulty.
Introducing challenges or obstacles during learning to cultivate resilience and enhance overall learning
Desirable difficulty can improve retention and understanding.
What does learning science investigate?
Investigates how people learn, encompassing psychology, neuroscience, education, and computer science
Aims to understand the cognitive processes, behaviors, and environments that facilitate learning and knowledge acquisition.
Define research-based practices.
Practices arising from solid empirical research or methods shown to positively affect classroom learning
These practices are grounded in evidence and aim to enhance educational outcomes.
What are evidence-based practices?
Practices informed by evidence from studies conducted in educational research and learning science
They rely on data and findings to guide teaching methods.
What is meant by executive function?
The set of mental skills that help individuals plan, focus their attention, and remember instructions successfully
Essential for effective learning and task management.
What is cramming?
The practice of studying intensively in a short period before an exam
Students often resort to cramming due to time mismanagement or procrastination.
What is multitasking?
The ability to perform multiple tasks simultaneously
Multitasking can impact the effectiveness of studying and retention of information.
What is the hippocampus involved in?
Memory, learning, and emotion
The hippocampus is a crucial part of the limbic system.
Define distributed practice.
Learning spread out over time rather than condensed
This approach explores how the brain retains information more effectively.
What is neurodiversity?
Recognizes and celebrates diversity in neural functioning and cognitive styles
What is neroplasticity
The brain’s ability to reorganize and adapt in response to experiences
What is cognitive style?
An individual’s typical or habitual way of problem-solving, thinking, perceiving, and remembering.
What is Tabula Rasa about?
The human mind is essentially empty at birth
What’s differentiated instruction?
Recognizing that every student is unique and tailors teaching to individual needs, interests, and readiness levels
What is Multisensory learning?
Engages different senses to deepen student’s learning experiences
