What is short-term memory (STM)?
Temporary storage for immediate recall and processing.
What is the modal model of memory (Atkinson & Shiffrin)?
Memory system with sensory → STM → LTM, emphasizing flow and encoding.
What is persistence of vision?
An image remains briefly on the retina after the object is gone.
What did Sperling (1960) study?
Sensory memory capacity and duration using different reporting methods.
What is the whole report method (Sperling)?
Participants report all items they saw; shows limited immediate report due to rapid fading.
What is partial report (Sperling)?
Participants report only a cued row/portion; shows more was briefly available than whole report suggests.
What is delayed partial report (Sperling)?
Cue is delayed; performance drops as iconic memory fades quickly.
What is iconic memory?
Brief visual sensory memory store.
What is a visual icon?
The short-lived visual trace held in iconic memory.
What is echoic memory?
Brief auditory sensory memory store.
What is digit span?
A measure of STM capacity (how many digits can be recalled in order).
What is chunking?
Grouping items into meaningful units to improve STM recall.
What is working memory (Baddeley & Hitch)?
A multi-component system for holding/manipulating information.
What is the phonological loop?
Working memory component for verbal/auditory information.
What is the visuospatial sketchpad?
Working memory component for visual/spatial information.
What is the phonological similarity effect?
Similar-sounding items are more easily confused in recall.
What is the word length effect?
Longer words are harder to rehearse and recall (take more time).
What is articulatory suppression?
Blocking rehearsal (e.g., repeating a sound) which disrupts phonological loop performance and reduces effects tied to rehearsal.
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Section One, Lesson One: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology (Theorists)16
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Section One, Lesson Two: Cognitive Development12
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Section One, Lesson Three: Anatomy of the Brain17
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Section One, Lesson Four: Imagery and Perception16
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Section One, Lesson Five: Human Language35
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Section 2, Lesson One: Short-term Memory18
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Section 2, Lesson Two: Long-Term Memory15
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Section 2, Lesson 3: Encoding, Retrieval, Consolidation12
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Section Two, Lesson Four: Everyday Memory20
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Section 3: Attention, Problem Solving, Decision Making23
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Section three, Lesson 2: Perception12
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Section Three, Lesson Three: Attention20
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Section 3, Lesson Four: Judgment, Reasoning, Decision Making19
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Section 4, Lesson One: Consciousness and Rhythms3
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Section 4, Lesson 2: Sleep6
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Section 4, Lesson 3: Altered States of Consciousness7
