1
Q
- Based on the article “30 Year Trends of Reduced Physical Fitness in Undergraduate Students
Studying Human Movement” which of the following was significantly lower in the Post30
Kin students compared to the Pre Kin students?
a) male vertical jump height
b) female vertical jump power
c) male and female waist circumference
d) 50m sprint test
e) only a) and b) above
A
a) male vertical jump height
2
Q
- In the article: “30 Year Trends of Reduced Physical Fitness in Undergraduate Students
Studying Human Movement,” which of the following is NOT considered a component of
physical fitness?
a) muscular fitness
b) morphological fitness
c) motor fitness
d) psychological fitness
e) cardiorespiratory fitness
A
d) psychological fitness
3
Q
- In the 30-year trends study, which of the following fitness tests was measured using a
DIFFERENT method between the 1980s cohort and the modern cohort?
a) 50 m sprint
b) vertical jump
c) broad jump
d) flexibility (sit-and-reach)
e) grip strength
A
b) vertical jump
4
Q
- Which of the following was NOT directly measured in the study by O’Brien et al.?
a) vertical jump
b) grip strength test
c) sit-and-reach
d) 12-minute run
e) VO2max
A
e) VO2max
5
Q
- According to the lectures, which of the following is/are TRUE?
a) the relative risk of type II diabetes increases with decreasing physical activity levels
b) with increasing levels of physical activity, the risk of type II diabetes decreases relatively
more in individuals with no parental history of diabetes
c) individuals with parental history of diabetes are at decreased risk of type II diabetes
compared with individuals with no parental history of diabetes regardless of physical activity
levels
d) all of the above
e) only a) and b) above
A
e) only a) and b) above
6
Q
- Based on the review article, what are some proven benefits of combining anti-obesity
medications with physical activity compared to anti-obesity medications alone?
a) attenuates the loss of lean body mass and muscle mass
b) significant weight loss and reduction in body fatness following initial weight loss
c) increase in cardiorespiratory fitness
d) all of the above
e) b) and c) only
A
e) b) and c) only
7
Q
- According to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Consensus Statement, what
is the minimum recommended amount of moderate-intensity physical activity per week to aid
in weight loss and prevention of weight gain?
a) 75 minutes
b) 100 minutes
c) 150 minutes
d) 200 minutes
e) 250 minutes
A
c) 150 minutes
8
Q
- What is a key finding regarding the combined effects of exercise and diet-induced weight
loss on insulin sensitivity in individuals with obesity and prediabetes?
a) exercise alone is sufficient to significantly improve insulin sensitivity without dietary
changes
b) exercise combined with diet-induced weight loss results in a two-fold greater improvement in
insulin sensitivity compared to diet alone
c) diet-induced weight loss has no effect on insulin sensitivity
d) the gut microbiome differs significantly between individuals who follow diet alone versus
diet and exercise
e) exercise has no additional benefits when combined with diet for individuals with obesity
A
b) exercise combined with diet-induced weight loss results in a two-fold greater improvement in
insulin sensitivity compared to diet alone
9
Q
- In “Physical activity and Excess Body weight and Adiposity for Adults. American College of
Sports Medicine Consensus Statement”, Which of the following statements about the
relationship between physical activity, energy expenditure, and energy intake is FALSE?
a) a single session of aerobic exercise can increase hunger or energy intake up to 24 hours later
b) high levels of physical activity may lead to a greater relationship between appetite and
energy expenditure in comparison to sedentary individuals
c) the relationship between energy expenditure and energy intake is different among individuals
d) sedentary individuals have a poor ability to monitor energy intake and can lead to
overconsumption of food in comparison to highly active individual
e) none of the above
A
a) a single session of aerobic exercise can increase hunger or energy intake up to 24 hours later
10
Q
- According to the lecture slides, the timing of glucose replacement during a basketball game
for children with type I diabetes depends on:
a) playing intensity
b) body mass
c) prior insulin dosage
d) all of the above
e) only a) and b) above
A
e) only a) and b) above
11
Q
- In “30 Year Trends of Reduced Physical Fitness in Undergraduate Students Studying Human
Movement” which of the following patterns BEST reflects the changes observed in the
Post30 cohort compared to the 1980s cohort?
a) greater waist circumference than the 1980s cohort
b) improved aerobic capacity
c) less stationary time per day
d) a) and c)
e) a), b), and c)
A
a) greater waist circumference than the 1980s cohort
12
Q
- From the study by O’Brien et al. (2023), which combination of findings BEST reflects the
long-term trends in physical fitness among undergraduate students studying human
movement over the past 30 years?
a) increased aerobic fitness and decreased waist circumference
b) decreased aerobic fitness and increased waist circumference
c) increased muscular strength and reduced sedentary time
d) no meaningful changes in fitness or body composition
e) improved aerobic fitness with no change in body composition
A
b) decreased aerobic fitness and increased waist circumference
13
Q
- Based on the study on 30-year trends in kinesiology students, which factor was suggested as
a potential contributor to the observed decline in physical fitness?
a) increased participation in structured resistance training
b) decreased caloric intake over time
c) excessive stationary time despite meeting physical activity guidelines
d) genetic differences between cohorts
e) increased aerobic training volume
A
c) excessive stationary time despite meeting physical activity guidelines
14
Q
- According to the research article, what trend in physical fitness was observed among recent
kinesiology undergraduate students compared to those from 30 years ago?
a) recent kinesiology undergraduate students exhibited higher levels of aerobic fitness and
muscular strength
b) recent kinesiology undergraduate students showed a decrease in waist circumference and an
increase in muscular endurance
c) recent kinesiology undergraduate students displayed lower levels of aerobic fitness and
higher waist circumference
d) recent kinesiology undergraduate students demonstrated better performance in agility tests
and a decrease in BMI
e) recent kinesiology undergraduate students had similar physical fitness levels to those from 30
years ago with no significant differences observed
A
c) recent kinesiology undergraduate students displayed lower levels of aerobic fitness and
higher waist circumference
15
Q
- What is the most likely explanation for why 150-250 min/wk of moderate physical activity
prevents weight gain in most adults?
a) it decreases hunger
b) it represents a threshold of energy expenditure above which energy balance occurs
c) it increases muscle insulin sensitivity
d) it increases adipose tissue lipolysis
e) it decreases insulin secretion
A
b) it represents a threshold of energy expenditure above which energy balance occurs
16
Q
- According to the ACSM Consensus Statement, what is the primary role of physical activity
in the management of excess body weight and adiposity?
a) high-intensity exercise is necessary for weight loss benefits
b) resistance training is only effective method for weight loss
c) physical activity alone guarantees significant long-term weight loss
d) physical activity helps maintain weight loss and prevent weight gain
e) exercise plays a greater role than the diet in achieving weight loss
A
d) physical activity helps maintain weight loss and prevent weight gain
17
Q
- According to the American College of Sports Medicine Consensus Statement, which of the
following statements regarding the definition of excess body weight is/are INCORRECT?
a) BMI may misclassify obesity more in women compared to men
b) BMI may misclassify an individual when there is a high amount of lean body mass
c) BMI and waist circumference should not be used together
d) only a) and b) above
e) none of the above
A
c) BMI and waist circumference should not be used together
18
Q
- Based on the ACSM Consensus Statement, which of the following BEST describes the
relationship between physical activity and weight loss outcomes?
a) physical activity alone typically results in large and sustained weight loss in most individuals
b) physical activity contributes modestly to weight loss but plays an important role in
long-term weight maintenance and overall health
c) high-intensity interval training is consistently superior to moderate-intensity activity for
weight loss
d) physical activity has minimal impact on health outcomes if significant weight loss is not
achieved
e) the effectiveness of physical activity for weight loss is independent of dietary intake
A
b) physical activity contributes modestly to weight loss but plays an important role in
long-term weight maintenance and overall healt
19
Q
- Based on the ACSM Consensus Statement, which of the following BEST reflects the role of
physical activity in the context of anti-obesity medications and bariatric surgery?
a) physical activity is primarily used to enhance initial weight loss achieved through medical
treatments
b) physical activity is unnecessary when effective pharmacological or surgical treatments are
used
c) physical activity contributes to improvements in fitness, muscle function, and overall
health beyond changes in body weight
d) physical activity prevents weight regain following bariatric surgery in most individuals
e) physical activity eliminates the need for dietary modification when combined with medical
treatments
A
c) physical activity contributes to improvements in fitness, muscle function, and overall
health beyond changes in body weight
20
Q
- What features are NOT seen in an individual who has recently lost 40 lbs and now has a
lower energy requirement?
a) RMR increases with decreased body mass
b) decreased thermic effect of feeding with lower total energy intake
c) reduced energy cost of physical activity
d) all of the above
e) only a) and b) above
A
a) RMR increases with decreased body mass
21
Q
- Which of the following public policies would promote healthy choices by individuals by lessening the impact of the environment as opposed to increasing external motivation?
* ban advertising unhealthy food to children
* label the consequences of physical inactivity on video game packaging
* ban soda from schools
* build sidewalks and walking paths in new communities
* All the above
A
All the above
22
Q
- All of the following statements from the Youtube lecture entitled ‘23 ½ hours’, by Dr. Mike Evans, are true EXCEPT:
* low fitness is the strongest predictor of death
* women in the Nurse’s Health Study who went from no activity to 1 hour per week reduced their heart disease rates by almost half
* the Osaka Gas Company in Japan found that employees that had just a 5 minute walk to work reduced their risk of developing high blood pressure by 10%
* one study found that the number of cardiac patients that were event free was higher in patients that exercised instead of having surgery compared with patients that had surgery but did not exercise
* a study in Australia found that people that watch 6 hours of TV per day can expect to live 5 years less compared with people that don’t watch TV
A
Osaka gas company
