section 4 imaging procedures: head

Question 1

name the paired cranial bones

Answer 1

two parietal bones, two temporal bones

Question 2

name the two unpaired facial bones

Answer 2

mandible and vomer

Question 3

name the three processes of the temporal bone

Answer 3

mastoid process, zygomatic process, styloid process

Question 4

the pituitary/hypophyseal gland is seated in which cranial bone

Answer 4

sphenoid

Question 5

what is the name of the prominence on the squamous portion of the frontal bone that may be used as a positioning landmark

Answer 5

glabella

Question 6

the parietal bones meet midline to form what suture

Answer 6

sagittal

Question 7

a large opening in the base of the occipital bones meet midline through which the spinal cord passes is the

Answer 7

foramen magnum

Question 8

the paranasal sinuses lie in which cranial bones

Answer 8

frontal bone, ethmoidal bone, maxillae, sphenoid bone

Question 9

unossified points at the junction of the sutures on an infant’s skull are called

Answer 9

fontanels

Question 10

what is the name of the point formed at the junction of the parietal bones meet midline, temporal bone, and greater wing of the sphenoid bone

Answer 10

pterion

Question 11

what two bones form the nasal septum

Answer 11

perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and the vomer

Question 12

the suture formed by the temporal and parietal bone is the

Answer 12

squamosal suture

Question 13

name the bony structures of the middle ear from lateral to medial

Answer 13

malleus, incus, stapes

Question 14

the auditory/eustachian tube connects the _ with the _

Answer 14

middle ear; nasopharynx

Question 15

what bone(s) separate the oral and nasal cavities

Answer 15

the two maxillae

Question 16

what are the names of the processes found on the mandible and maxilla that serve to provide anchors for the roots of the teeth

Answer 16

alveolar process (ridge)

Question 17

the process extending superiorly and anteriorly from the ramus of the mandible is the

Answer 17

coronoid process

Question 18

the process extending superiorly and posteriorly from the ramus of the mandible is the

Answer 18

condyloid process

Question 19

which is the largest and only movable facial bone

Answer 19

mandible

Question 20

the sutures of the skull are the _ type of joint/articulation

Answer 20

synarthoidal/immovable/fibrous

Question 21

radiographic positioning of the paranasal sinuses should be performed in what body position and why

Answer 21

erect; to demonstrate air/fluid levels

Question 22

what degree angle is formed by the petrous ridges and MSP in the mesocephalic shaped skull

Answer 22

approximately 47 degrees

Question 23

the vertical portion on the mandible is the

Answer 23

ramus

Question 24

what skull projection is most commonly used to demonstrate the occipital bone

Answer 24

AP axial/Towne

Question 25

the lateral projection of the skull utilizes the _ line and requires that MSP be _ to the IR

Answer 25

IOML; parallel

Question 26

when viewing a lateral skull radiograph, incorrect positioning caused by tilt is evidenced by what structures not being superimposed

Answer 26

supraorbital margins/orbital plates, mandibular body

Question 27

where should the petrous pyramids be projected in the PA axial projection (caldwell) of the skull using a 15 degree caudal angle

Answer 27

lower third of the orbits

Question 28

when viewing a lateral skull radiograph, incorrect positioning caused by rotation is evidenced by what structures not being superimposed

Answer 28

mandibular rami, EAMs, sella turcica

Question 29

where should the petrous pyramids be projected in the PA projection of the skull with OML perpendicular to the IR (no tube angle)

Answer 29

within the orbits

Question 30

what projection(s) will demonstrate the dorsum sella and posterior chinois processes within the foramen magnum

Answer 30

AP axial (towne) and PA axial (haas)

Question 31

what is the single best projection to demonstrate the facial bones

Answer 31

parietoacanthial (waters)

Question 32

where should the CR enter for a lateral projection of the nasal bones? for a lateral projection of the facial bones?

Answer 32

.5 inches distal to nasion; perpendicular to mid zygoma

Question 33

in a correctly positioned parietoacanthial projection (waters) where should the petrous pyramids be seen with respect to the maxillary sinuses

Answer 33

petrous pyramids should be below the maxillary sinuses

Question 34

the oblique inferosuperior (tangential) projection of the zygomatic arches requires that the IOML be _ to the IR and that the head be rotated _ degrees toward the _ side

Answer 34

parallel; 15 degrees; affected

Question 35

the PA axial projection of the mandible required _ angulation in order to demonstrate condyles and TMJ area

Answer 35

cephalad

Question 36

what comparison images are often obtained to demonstrate range of anterior movement of the mandibular condyles in relationship to the mandibular fossa

Answer 36

open and closed mouth projections of TMJ

Question 37

a blowout fracture affects what portion of the bony orbit

Answer 37

the floor of the orbit

Question 38

if the petrous pyramids are seen superimposed on the inferior aspect of the maxillary sinuses in the parietoacanthial projection, what change in position is necessary

Answer 38

the chin should be extended/elevated further

Question 39

what projection demonstrates all the paranasal sinuses

Answer 39

lateral

Question 40

the PA projection utilizes 15 degree OML adjustment from the horizontal, is used to demonstrate which sinus group (s)

Answer 40

frontal and ethmoid

Question 41

the SMV projection requires that the _ skull line be parallel to the IR, demonstrates the __, __, and __ sinuses

Answer 41

IOML; sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary

Question 42

the parietoacanthial transoral projection (open mouth waters) demonstrates the _ sinuses through the open mouth

Answer 42

sphenoid