Section B- Confidence

Question 1

Define self-Efficacy

Answer 1

-Self-confidence by the performer when placed in a particular situation

Question 2

What can a performers level of Self-efficacy affect?

Answer 2

• The choice of activity
• Amount of effort applied
• Level of persistence

Question 3

Development of Self-efficacy

Answer 3

• Past experiences (success=higher confidence)
• Vicarious experiences
• Verbal persuasion (performer receives encouragement they will feel more confident)
• Emotional arousal

Question 4

Developing high levels of Self-efficacy

Answer 4

• Experience early success
• Set realistic challenging goals
• Verbal encouragement & positive feedback
• Develop effective stress management techniques
• Use mental rehearsal
• Avoid social comparison
• Use attributions correctly

Question 5

Strategies that a coach can use to develop self-efficacy

Answer 5

• 1 to 1 attentions
• Attribution re-training
• Highlight performance goals
• Use attributions correctly (blame failure on external factors)

Question 6

Social facilitation

Answer 6

Audience have a positive affect on the performance

Question 7

Social inhibition

Answer 7

Audience has a negative effect on the performance

Question 8

Zajonc’s model

what about the Ability of performer?

Why does this happen?

Answer 8

• Linked with the drive theory. Arousal increases with the presence of others
• Dominant habit is more likely to take place
• Experienced > performance improves
• Novice > performance decreases

Due to others

• Audience …. people watching
• Co-actors…. people you’re competing agaist
• Competitive co-actors
• Social reinforcers…. coaches

Question 9

Evaluation apprehension

Answer 9

Anxiety to the performer because they feel like they are getting judged by the audience

Question 10

Factors affecting social facilitation

Answer 10

• Trait anxiety levels
• Personality of the performer
• Previous experiences
• Nature of the audience (noisy? Proximity?)
• Size of the audience

Question 11

Baron’s distraction-conflict theory

Answer 11

Athlete performing

     \\//                                                     \\//

-Attends to task demands -And attends 2 distraction

                                           \\//
            -Conflict is created because of competing 
             demands and limited info processing 

                                           \\//
                            -Social facilitation effects

Question 12

Home advantages

Answer 12

• Large home supporters
• Familiar surroundings
• Little travel before game
• Home teams normally play more attacking
• Proximity has a negative effect on the opposition

Question 13

Home disadvantages

Answer 13

• Increased pressure to win

- Fouls committed by away teams can cause injury