secularisation globally

Question 1

relg strong in ethnic m’s

Answer 1

• provide theodicy of misfortune
  -cultural transition and cultural defence
• status frustration
  -come from relg countries
  -part of socialisation process
• islamophobia
  -status frustration

Question 2

where is religiosity high

Answer 2

-catholic countries e.g portugal and spain
-in usa higher than uk (40 in uk)
christianity grows in africa and asia
-in india 30% becoming hindu

Question 3

where does religiosity dominate

Answer 3

• iran, saudi arabia and iraq
  -law is rooted in religious doctrine and policies

Question 4

what is religious fundamentalism

Answer 4

-BRUCE= fundamentalism is rational response of traditionally relg people to social , political and economic changes which threaten their relg values

Question 5

example of christian fundamentalism

Answer 5

• new christian right = political infulence
  campaign against abortion , sex b4 marriage , homosexuality plus againist teaching theory of evolution in schools

Question 6

example of islamic fundamentalism

Answer 6

-rational to defend tradition
-against western culture
- promote ideology opposing western value of democracy, equality and human rights

Question 7

religious market theory ?

Answer 7

• participation is higher in countries where there’s more choice (religious pluralism ) and lower in countries with less choice

Question 8

what does stark and bainbridge say about the market theory

Answer 8

-constant demand for relg as people need rewards and compensators e.g afterlife

Question 9

what else do stark and b say on the key features of the market theory

Answer 9

• business like
  -spirtual market( quality , quantity and attractiveness of the products )
• shop for faith
• make. “rational choices. “ of weighing up pros and cons of joining a relg

Question 10

what may the costs of joining a relg

Answer 10

-fincial donations , time , commitment

Question 11

benefits of joining a relg

Answer 11

• rewards, spiritual fulfilment , life after death , friends, reduced stress

Question 12

how do relg organisers appeal to others

Answer 12

be attractive , by offering more rewards than costs

Question 13

what does relg pluralism mean for society

Answer 13

• more choice underlies higher levels of participation
  e.g usa has lots of hockey and options
  uk= less options so we have dominant relg which is C of e who dominates and less relg participation

Question 14

how can we eval market theory

Answer 14

• many countries in middle east have less choice but high participation
• many followed their relg due to being socialised into it not weighting up pros and cons

Question 15

what is the existential security theory

Answer 15

-relg participation is higher in countries w low existential security and low in countries with higher lvls of ES

Question 16

what do noris and inglehart argue

Answer 16

• argue market theory doesn’t exp the variations in relg participation in diff societies , too focused on europe

Question 17

what do norris and ingleharr suggest

Answer 17

-it’s not due to more or less choice
-different levels of existential security “feeling that survival is secure enough that it can be taken for granted “
-high levels of ES MEANS less relg participation
-in areas were people are at risk e.f illness , poverty = relg is high as people feel out of control

Question 18

for the existential security theory what happens in wealthy areas

Answer 18

-stable economies, good health and ed
- less need for relg
demand for relg not constant

Question 19

evaluation of existential security

Answer 19

-similar to malownski on fishing study
-in uk attendedce to c of e is higher in mc
may not apply to all developed countries