Connotation
The associations a word has
Lexical fields
Vocabulary associated with a particular area
Synonyms
Words which are similar in meaning
Denotation
The straight forward meaning of a word
Antonyms
Words which have opposite meaning
Similes
Comparisons using like or as
Metaphors
Describe something as something else
Extended metaphor
When a metaphor is continued for more that one sentence
Idioms
When the word meanings don’t explain the expression
Collocation
Words commonly found alongside each other
Hypernym
General description words
Hyponyms
Specifics of a hypernym