Semifinal Lab Values (Ben)

Question 1

HDL

Answer 1

> 1.0 mmol/l in men

> 1.3 mmol/l in women

Question 2

LDL

Answer 2

< 3.4 mmol/l

Question 3

total triglycerides

Answer 3

0.8 - 1.7 mmol/l

Question 4

“Random Blood Glucose”

(regardless of fasting/non-fasting state, not as important as fasting but good to know)

Answer 4

• > 11 mmol/l - diabetic
• 5.5-11 mmol/l - must check fasting glucose
• < 5.5 mmol/l - patient is not diabetic

Question 5

Fasting Glucose

Answer 5

• < 5 mmol/l - not diabetic
• 5-6 mmol/l - regular checkups recommended
• 6-7 mmol/l - OGTT needed
• > 7 mmol/l - diabetic

Question 6

OGTT 2-hr value

Answer 6

• < 7.8 mmol/l - impaired fasting glucose (remember OGTT was done because of fasting glucose btwn 6-7 mM)
• >7.8 mmol/l - impaired glucose tolerance
• >11 mmol/l - diabetes

Question 7

total bilirubin

Answer 7

< 17 umol/l

Question 8

direct bilirubin

Answer 8

< 5 umol/l

Question 9

ALAT / GPT

ASAT / GOT

Answer 9

both should be < 45 U/l

Question 10

alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

Answer 10

< 150 U/l

Question 11

prothrombin time (PT)

(INR = international normalized ratio)

Answer 11

0.8 - 1.2

Question 12

mean corpuscular hemoglobin

MCH

Answer 12

28-33 pg

Question 13

mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

Answer 13

320-360 g/l

Question 14

serum Ca⁺⁺

(total, not free)

Answer 14

2.2-2.6 mmol/l

(free is about half that)

Question 15

alpha-amylase

Answer 15

< 180 U/l

Question 16

TSH

(not on list but should know according to Tunde)

Answer 16

0.4 - 4.0 mU/l

Question 17

iron

(male + female)

Answer 17

male: 12-36 umol/l
female: 11-30 umol/l

(note this is micromolar!)

Question 18

TIBC

total iron binding capacity

female + male

Answer 18

female: 45-70 umol/l
male: 50-80 umol/l

Question 19

platelet count

Answer 19

150-400 G/l

Question 20

differential blood count

Answer 20

• neutrophil, segmented - 50-70%
• neutrophil, band - 3-5%
• neutrophil, metamyelocyte - 0-1%
• lymphocyte - 20-40%
• monocyte - 2-6%
• eosinophil - 2-4%
• basophil - 0-1%

Question 21

bleeding time

Answer 21

4-6 min

Question 22

aPTT

activated partial thromboplastin time

Answer 22

35-45 s

Question 23

thrombin time

Answer 23

20-22 s

Question 24

fibrinogen

Answer 24

1.5-4.0 g/l

(remember it’s an acute phase protein)

Question 25

carbamide

Answer 25

3.5-7.0 mmol/l

Question 26

A/G albumin/globulin quotient

Answer 26

1.25 - 2.5

Question 27

alpha-amylase

Answer 27

\< 180 U/l

Question 28

CK creatine kinase

Answer 28

\< 200 U/l

Question 29

GGT gamma glutamyl transpeptidase

Answer 29

\< 60 U/l

Question 30

LDH lactate DH

Answer 30

\<160 U/l

Question 31

pH

Answer 31

7.35-7.45

Question 32

pCO2

Answer 32

35-45 mmHg

Question 33

standard bicarbonate

Answer 33

21-26 mmol/l

Question 34

base excess BE

Answer 34

0 +/- 3 mmol/l

Question 35

pO2

Answer 35

80-105 mmHg

Question 36

O2 saturation

Answer 36

95-98%

Question 37

PR interval | (AV conduction time)

Answer 37

0.12-0.2 sec

Question 38

QRS width / time

Answer 38

0.06 - 0.1 sec | (1.5-2.5 mm)

Question 39

pathological Q wave width and amplitude

Answer 39

width ≥ 0.04 s (1 mm) amplitude \> 0.4 mV or \> 25% R wave

Question 40

aHCO3-

Answer 40

24 mmol/l

Question 41

st. HCO3- | (HCO3 at standardized pCO2 of 40 mmHg)

Answer 41

22-26 mmol/l

Question 42

buffer base (BB)

Answer 42

45-52 mmol/l

Question 43

base excess positive value = base excess / acid deficit negative = acid excess / base deficit

Answer 43

0 +/- 2.5 mmol/l

Question 44

creatinine clearance | (1.73 m2 body surface)

Answer 44

120-125 ml/min

Question 45

urine volume

Answer 45

1000 - 1500 ml/24 h

Question 46

urine pH

Answer 46

4.5 - 8.0

Question 47

specific gravity (density) of urine

Answer 47

1.010 - 1.035 kg/l

Question 48

osmolar concentration of urine

Answer 48

600-1200 mosm/kg

Question 49

total cholesterol

Answer 49

3.6 - 5.2 mmol/l

Question 50

serum creatinine

Answer 50

40-130 umol/l

Question 51

CRP

Answer 51

1-8 mg/l

Question 52

ESR (Westergren)

Answer 52

\<20 mm/h

Question 53

urinary sediment (per field)

Answer 53

\< 1-3 RBC \< 3-5 WBC

Question 54

total serum protein

Answer 54

60-80 g/l

Question 55

serum urea (BUN) AKA carbamide

Answer 55

2 - 10 mmol/l

Question 56

RBC count

Answer 56

male: 4.4-5.5 T/l female: 3.8-5.2 T/l

Question 57

urine protein (per day) (normal, mild, moderate, severe levels normal + severe most important)

Answer 57

* normal: **50-150 mg/day** * mild - 300 - 1,000 mg/day * moderate - 1-3 g/day * severe - **\> 3 g/day** * **​**seen in nephrotic syndrome, pre-eclampsia, multiple myeloma, AGN, diabetic GS

Question 58

uric acid

Answer 58

150-400 umol/l

Question 59

A/G quotient | (albumin:globulin ratio)

Answer 59

1.25 to 2.5

Question 60

Albumin

Answer 60

35-50 g/l | (decreases in acute inflammation)

Question 61

WBC count

Answer 61

4-10 G/l | (the G stands for x10⁹)

Question 62

MCV mean corpuscular volume (RBC volume)

Answer 62

80-95 fl

Question 63

sodium

Answer 63

135-145 mmol/l

Question 64

potassium

Answer 64

3.5-5.0 mmol/l

Question 65

chloride

Answer 65

95-105 mmol/l

Question 66

hematocrit

Answer 66

male: 0.4 - 0.54 l/l female: 0.37 - 0.47 l/l

Question 67

hemoglobin Hgb

Answer 67

male: 135-170 g/l female: 120-165 g/l

Question 68

urinary sodium concentration

Answer 68

\< or equal to 20 mEq/l