SKELETAL SYSTEM

Question 1

WHAT IS THE AXIAL SKELETON AND HOW MANY BONES ARE THERE?

Answer 1

“MIDDLE”/CENTRAL CORE SECTION
80 BONES
PROTECTS VITAL ORGANS AND SUPPORTS UPPER BODY

Question 2

WHAT IS THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON AND HOW MANY BONES ARE THERE?

Answer 2

“APPENDAGES”/LIMBS AND HIPS
126 BONES
MOBILITY AND MOTION

Question 3

WHAT ARE THE FIVE TYPES OF BONES AND AN EXAMPLE OF EACH?

Answer 3

SESAMOID (PATELLA)
LONG (FEMUR)
SHORT (WRIST)
FLAT (CLAVICLE)
IRREGULAR (SCAPULA)

Question 4

WHAT ARE OSTEOCYTES?

Answer 4

MATURE BONE CELLS

Question 5

WHAT ARE OSTEOBLASTS?

Answer 5

CELLS THAT BUILD BONES

Question 6

WHAT ARE OSTEOCLASTS?

Answer 6

CELLS THAT CLEAN BONES (SHAVE DOWN BONE AND REBUILDS/RESHAPES

Question 7

WHAT IS A SIMPLE FRACTURE?

Answer 7

A CLEAN BREAK, CLEAR CUT

Question 8

WHAT IS A COMMINUTED/COMPOUND FRACTURE?

Answer 8

MORE THAN ONE CLEAR FRACTURE LINE

Question 9

WHAT IS A COMPRESSION FRACTURE?

Answer 9

BONE JAMMED INTO ITSELF

Question 10

WHAT IS A SPIRAL FRACTURE?

Answer 10

WHEN THE BONE TWISTS APART?

Question 11

WHAT IS A GREEN STICK FRACTURE?

Answer 11

WHEN A SECTION OF BONE “PEELS” AWAY FROM OTHER PART OF THE BONE

Question 12

WHAT IS AN AVULSION FRACTURE?

Answer 12

WHEN THE TENDON/LIGAMENT PULLS BONE OFF

Question 13

WHAT IS AN OPEN FRACTURE?

Answer 13

BONE SHOWS THROUGH SKIN

Question 14

WHAT IS A CLOSED FRACTURE?

Answer 14

BONE NOT SHOWING THROUGH SKIN

Question 15

WHAT SURGERY FIXES FRACTURES?

Answer 15

O: OPEN
R: REDUCTION
I: INTERNAL
F: FIXATION

Question 16

WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF BONES?

Answer 16

SUPPORT
POSTURE
PROTECTION
STORAGE
MOVEMENT
HEMATOPOIESIS

Question 17

WHAT CHEMICALS DO BONES STORE?

Answer 17

CALCIUM, POTASSIUM, SODIUM, AND CHLORIDE (SALTS)

Question 18

WHAT IS HEMATOPOIESIS?

Answer 18

BLOOD PRODUCTION IN BONE MARROW

Question 19

WHAT ARE THE THREE LAYERS OF BONE?

Answer 19

PERIOSTEUM (BONE SKIN), ENDOSTEUM (BONE MARROW SKIN), AND BONE MARROW

Question 20

WHAT IS THE NUTRIENT FORAMEN?

Answer 20

“OPENING” IN BONE, SOMETIMES MISTAKEN AS FRACTURE

Question 21

WHAT ARE VENULES?

Answer 21

CARRY OUT CELL WASTE, CO2, AND NEW BLOOD

Question 22

WHAT ARE HALVERSON CANALS?

Answer 22

VERTICAL, CONTAIN NERVES, BLOOD VESSELS AND OSTEOCYTES

Question 23

WHAT ARE ARTERIOLES?

Answer 23

BRING IN NUTRITION INTO BONE

Question 24

WHAT ARE VOLKMANN’S CANALS?

Answer 24

CHANNELS ACROSS BONE FROM ONE SIDE OF SHAFT TO ANOTHER, PASSAGEWAY FOR BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES

Question 25

WHAT IS RED BONE MARROW?

Answer 25

PRODUCES BLOOD, ALL MARROW IS RED WHEN BORN

Question 26

WHAT IS YELLOW BONE MARROW?

Answer 26

FAT (ADIPOSE) STORAGE, MOST MARROW TURNS TO YELLOW AS GET OLDER

Question 27

WHAT MANY BONES ARE IN THE SKULL?

Answer 27

8

Question 28

WHAT ARE THE BONES OF THE SKULL?

Answer 28

FRONTAL (1) TEMPORAL (2) OCCIPITAL (1) PARIETAL (2) ETHMOID (1) SPHENOID (1)

Question 29

WHAT ARE FONTANELS?

Answer 29

SOFT SPOTS ON BABIES HEADS, ALLOW SKULL TO COMPRESS AND CHANGE SHAPE DURING BIRTH

Question 30

WHAT IS A HEAD PROJECTION?

Answer 30

ROUND, KNOB LIKE END EX. FEMUR, HUMEROUS

Question 31

WHAT IS A PROCESS PROJECTION?

Answer 31

LARGE PROJECTION OF BONE EX. SPINOUS PROCESS

Question 32

WHAT IS A CONDYLE PROJECTION?

Answer 32

ROUNDED PROJECTION AT DISTAL END OF LONG BONE EX. FEMUR

Question 33

WHAT IS A CREST PROJECTION?

Answer 33

BORDER OR RIDGE EX. ILIAC CREST

Question 34

WHAT IS A SPINE PORJECTION?

Answer 34

SHARP PROJECTION FROM SURFACE OF BONE EX. SCAPULAR SPINE

Question 35

WHAT IS A FORAMEN DEPRESION?

Answer 35

HOLE THAT ALLOWS VESSEL OR NERVE TO PASS THROUGH EX. TRANSVERSE

Question 36

WHAT IS A SINUS DEPRESSION?

Answer 36

CAVITY/HOLLOW SPACE EX. NASAL/FACIAL

Question 37

WHAT IS A FOSSA DEPRESSION?

Answer 37

DEPRESSION IN BONE EX. OLECRANON FOSSA

Question 38

WHAT IS A MEATUS DEPRESSION?

Answer 38

SHORT CHANNEL/PASSAGEWAY EX. EAR

Question 39

WHAT ARE FIBROUS JOINTS?

Answer 39

SYNARTHROSIS IMMOVEABLE EX. SKULL SUTURES

Question 40

WHAT ARE CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS?

Answer 40

AMPHIARTHROSIS SLIGHTLY MOVEABLE EX. VERTEBRAE

Question 41

WHAT ARE SYNOVIAL JOINTS?

Answer 41

DIARTHROSIS FREELY MOVEABLE EX. KNEE, ELBOW

Question 42

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS?

Answer 42

GLIDING, HINGE, PIVOT, CONDYLOID, SADDLE, BALL AND SOCKET

Question 43

WHAT BONES MAKE UP THE OS COXA?

Answer 43

ILIUM, ISCHIUM, AND PUBIS

Question 44

HOW MANY PHALANGES ARE THERE?

Answer 44

56

Question 45

WHAT ARE RIBS 1-7 CALLED?

Answer 45

TRUE RIBS DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO STERNUM

Question 46

WHAT ARE RIBS 8-12 CALLED?

Answer 46

FALSE RIBS NO DIRECT CONTACT WITH STERNUM

Question 47

WHAT ARE RIBS 11 AND 12 CALLED?

Answer 47

FLOATING RIBS

Question 48

WHAT ARE THE 3 PARTS OF THE STERNUM?

Answer 48

MANUBRIUM, BODY, AND XIPHOID PROCESS