Veterinary Pharmacology > Small Test 2 - Additional questions > Flashcards

Small Test 2 - Additional questions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is approved names used for?

Give an example

A

Used for prescribing Official and Prepared medicines
- eg. AMOXICILLIN
(named by the active ingredient)

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2
Q

Other names for Proprietary name

Give example

A

Licensed, Brand, Trade or Proprietary name
Eg. Betamox injection, Clamoxyl injection
= Fantasy names

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3
Q

Who gives the Proprietary name

A

Manifactures

- can differ a lot from chemical name

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4
Q

Who gives the Approved name

A

Pharmacopoeia Commision

  • can be derived from the chemical name
  • Usefull in the orientation among trade names
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5
Q

Who gives the Chemical name

A

International Naming commision

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6
Q

H2

A 
Date - validity
RX (superscription)
Inscription 
- authorized (fantasy, dose, strength)
Subscription
Signature
WP = even if 0 days
Vet own signature + qualification
Repeat information
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7
Q

Prescription of an OFFICIAL formulated medicine

eg

A

RX
Oxytetracycline Tablets 100mg (BP)
BP = formulated form - Pharmacopoeia
“ in a suitable box”

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8
Q

Prescription of an OCCATIONALLY Prepared medicine

A

RX
Oxytetracycline hydrochloride 2,5 g
Simple ointment base up to 10g
Prepare ointment in total 10g, dispense in a tube.

For external use only
No WP?

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9
Q

Prescription of an AUTHORIZED (proprietary) medicine

A

RX
Nizoral Oral SUSPENSION = shake well before use
Send 1 original package, 100mg
Sig. Give 5ml during meal once daily orally for 5 days.

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10
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

A
  • Indelible (or computer)
  • Signature = INK or electronic prescriptionform.
    1. Name and adress of owner
    2. Date
    3. Name, form & strength of preparation
    4, Total QUANTITY or the number of dosage units = in BOTH words and figures!
    5. dose to be administered
    6. Prescribers signature, qualification and RCVS regnr.
    7. Animal or herd under the vets care

SIGNATURE PART
VALIDATION
REPEAT
SPECIAL CASE

NO CORRECTIONS AT ALL!!!!

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11
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

SIGNATURE PART

A

NO latinisation or abbreviations (signature or label)

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12
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

VALIDATION

A

Valid for 28 days (also S4)

S5= 6 months

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13
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

REPEAT

A

NOT permitted

if preprinted = must be crossed out

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14
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

SPECIAL CASE

A

Buprenorphine - SCHEDULE 3

Does not need to be recorded in CD register, but SAFETY CUSTODY DOES REPLY

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15
Q

Special prescription requirement of schedule 2 and 3 drugs

Example

A

RX
Pentobarbital Sodium 2g (two grams)
Water up to 100 ml ( hundred millilitres) in a children resistant bottle (or suitable package).

Label: Give one dessertspoonful twice daily for five days. NOT SIG!?

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16
Q

Labeling dispensed veterinary medicine
If the product contains eg
- HEXACHLOROPHENE, ASPRIN

A
  1. ASPRIN or similar = Unsuitable for cats
    Asprin within a red rectangle.
  2. HEXACHLOROPHENE for oral administration
    SHEEP = Protective clothing
    CATTLE= Not for use in lactatiing cattle
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17
Q

Labeling dispensed veterinary medicine

Label must include

A
  1. Name and address OWNER & VET!
  2. Date of dispensing
  3. External use only = Topical use
  4. WP (relevant WP)
  5. hexachorophene + aspirin
  6. Animal treatment only - unless too small package
  7. Keep out of reach of childres
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18
Q

Labeling dispensed veterinary medicine

Good practice to also include

A
  1. Drug name, Concentration & amount of dispensed medicine
  2. Information about the application
  3. Recomended use of mechanical letters
  4. Both container and outer packaging should be labeled.
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19
Q

MFS prescription

A

= Food producing animals in large scales

Minerals and Vitamins

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20
Q

MFS

Copies

A

3 copies

  1. Veterinarian
  2. Owner - WP!!
  3. Compounder
    - Inclution rate
    - Proove efficacy of MFS
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21
Q

MFS

Valid for

A

3 months or shorter

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22
Q

MFS

Information should be provided according to data sheet requirement - such as

A

1, inclution rates

  1. Target species
  2. WP
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23
Q

MFS

When and by whom may medicines be incorporated in animal feed stuff

A

By appropriately REGISTERED PERSON
- Only if product has a relevant PRODUCT LICENCE

or an

ATC - Animal test certificate

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24
Q

MEdicinal products to be included in feed must be

A

LICENCED for in-feed use - exeption veterinarian

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25
How long will the treatment with MFS be sufficient
Only one course of treatment | - Reevaluate and revisit
26
All MFS prescriptions follow a specified formate and should include
1. Name and adress of person prescribing 2. Qualification enabeling the person to prescribe 3. Name and adress of the keeper of the animals treated 4. Animal species, identification and nr of animals 5. Different adress than the keeper? 6. Date of prescription 7. Signature or other authentications of the person prescribingg 8. Name and amount of the product prescribed 9. Dosage and administration instructions 10. Warnings? 11. WP 12. Manifacturer/distributor of feeding stuff 13. If validity exceeds 1 month - statement that not more than 31 days supply may be provided at any time 14. Name,type and quantity of feeding stuff 15. inclution rate 16. Special instructions 17. % of prescribed feeding stuff to be added to daily ration 18. Prescribed under the cascade
27
Powder for external use | - Active substances
``` Antibiotics Anticeptics Antimycotics Ectoparasites - Repellent not allowed in cat ```
28
Powder for external use | Diluent/Filler
= Volume to the substance 1. Talc - not for wounds, avoid humidity 2. Zink oxide - Can be used in wounds = Constrict vessels
29
Powder for internal use | - Administration (Used how)
Per Os | Oral dilute
30
Powder for internal use | Categories
1. Water Soluble ( drinking Water) 2. Power - In-Feed use 3. Powder - oral solution and suspension 4. Direct administration (Capsule)
31
Importaint about suspensions
Larger particles Can get sedimented Shake well before use
32
Powder for internal use | Composition
1. Active substance 2. Diluent/Filler = Water soluble - Lactose! - Sorbit + Glucose = Bitter taste
33
Powder for internal use | When is dividation method used
1. When Narrow TI | = Toxic reactions can be seen
34
Which method is more precice than DIVIDATION and why
Dispensation = More precise | DIVIDATION is measured with naked eye
35
Sentence for dividation (Subscription)
"Please prepare a powder in total 10 gram, devide into 10 equal portion each"
36
Powder for internal use | Devided?
Non devided = WIDE TI | Devided = NARROW TI
37
The use of Granules | How is it given, and in which cases
Per Os = ORALY 1. Farm animals - Feed or drinking water 2. Small animals+humans - Solution or - Mixed into feed or - Direct admin (capsules)
38
Size of Granules
Can differ 1-2 ml = Small 1cm = large
39
Composition of Granules
1- Active substance 2- Diluent/Filler: Saccharose, Lactose 3- Binder: Purified Water, Ethanol, Methylcellulose 4- Coating if needed
40
Composition of Granules | Omeprazol
1. Proton pump inhibitor - Stomach protective (Ulceration) 2. Not to get dissolved in gastric juice - Sensitive to gastric juice - Decomposed
41
Proes about granules in capsules
Long duration of action - combining
42
Medicated premix is used for
Preparing medicated feeding stuff
43
Premix | Feed supplements
Microelements Vitamins Prebiotics Dewormers
44
Usage of Premix
Oral Powder, granulated, liquid Homogenous mixing - by the compounder
45
Premix composition | Active substance
- Medicated premix (AB) | - Feed supplements: Microelements, vitamins, prebiotics, probiotics
46
Premix composition | Diluent/Filler
Feed based - Nutritional Value: Cereal flour - Indifferent: Silicates
47
What is restricted due to AB use from january
Restricted in group use
48
Usage of capsule
Orally, NO CHEWING - Only individual treatment - SMALL ANIMAL MEDICINE
49
Soft Capsule
``` Gelatine+Sugar+Glycerol+Water Now= Synthetic Polymers Soft capsules containing liquid = Omega 3 Thicker wall Dissolves in gastric fluid (15min) ```
50
Hard Capsule
Gelatine+Sugar+Water Now: HPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose) Dissolves in gastric fluid (15min)
51
Gastro Resistant Capsule
Methacrylate coating = Capsula intestinosolvens = will not dissolve in gastric juice
52
Tablet in general
Most PRECICE devided form - Per Os - Intrauterine, Intravaginal (cow-metritis) - For preparing solutions (Soluble, Effervescent - gassproduction when disolving)
53
Composition of tablets
``` Active substance Diluent/Filler Binder Lubricant - Liquid Parafin - easyer to swallow Coloring, Flavouring agents = identify - children = Flavour - Dog, Cat, Equine ```
54
Coating of tablets
1. Film coated tablets (can be intestinosolvent) 2. Dragees = Sugarcoated tablets (acidic = bitter taste) 3. TiO2 (titanium dioxide) --> Protection from light
55
Modified Release Tablets
1. Controll Release tablet - Provide higher duration of action with higher plasma conc. Methimazole - In cat - Hyper thoroidism
56
Modified Release Tablets | Insoluble Matrix
Longer duration | Potassium Citrate - Cardiac Failure
57
Modified Release Tablets | Soluble Matrix
Diffutab | Polymer+Drug
58
Intraruminal bolus
= Modified Release *Ruminants - LARGE tablets 1. Sustained Release - last 6 weeks 2. Pulse release - Dewormer 2 weeks (Walls degraded 2 weeks at the tone) Dewormer kills adults not larvae
59
Intraruminal bolus | Not used in which species
Horse
60
Packaging of tablets
Plastic or alluminum (BLISTER) and paper box (Authorized products)
61
Transdermal patch and Subdermal Implant
Continous, Prolonged release
62
Transdermal patch
``` Drugs with excellent dermal absorbtion --> Systemic effect (Analgesic) Do not cut! Modified release Nicotinic plaster ```
63
Subdermal Implant
Continous, prolonged release - Frequently used - Oestrus synchronisation (progestagens) = Inhibit heat in large animals Progestagens cause oesterus - Corpus luteum = Chemical castration
64
Antiparasitic collars and ear tags
Collar = Dog and Cat Eartag= Ruminants Usually prescription is not required Release continiously and slowly
65
Vaginal Delivery systems
Oesterus synchronisation (Progestagens) - NOT for horses = Might fall out - For horses = Subdermal implant more polite
66
Solid dosage forms
1. Powder for external use 2. Powder for internal use 3. Granules 4. Premix 5. Capsule 6. Tablet (= Packaging) 7. Modified Release Tablets - Insoluble matrix - Soluble Matrix 8. Intraruminal bolus (Modified Release Tablets) - Sustained - Pulse 9. Transdermal Patch 10. Subdermal Implant 11. Antiparasitic collars and eartags 12. Vaginal delivery system 13. Herbal Tea
67
Herbal Tea
``` Per Os Topically = Washing wounds 1. Infusion 2. Decoction 3. Soaking ``` VIT C Rose hip -> Room temp
68
Forms of Prescription
Structure 1. Official formulated medicine (BP) 2. Occationally Prepared medicine (Ointment) - External use only 3. Authorized (proprietary) Medicine - Suspension Controlled drugs 4. MFS
Veterinary Pharmacology
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