study, twin. > Social Studies MIDTERM > Flashcards

Social Studies MIDTERM Flashcards

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1
Q

primary source

A

a document or physical object that was written or created by someone during the time period being studied.

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2
Q

secondary source

A

a document created after the time period being studied using primary sources to write about it.

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3
Q

autobiography is ___
biography is ___

A
  • primary
    -secondary
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4
Q

reliability

A

the usefulness of info in a source for a given purpose.

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5
Q

bias

A

a strong and one-sided opinion based on emotion

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6
Q

loaded language

A

language that is overwhelmingly positive or negative.

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7
Q

point of view

A

a persons opinion; someones claim on something.

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8
Q

evidence

A

information or details from a source.

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9
Q

corroboration

A

to provide reliable reasoning and evidence.

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10
Q

contextualization

A

the act of describing where an event took place, what led to it, and why it happened.

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11
Q

sourcing

A

the skill of analyzing historical evidence to understand its meaning.

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12
Q

bias can be expressed in 3 ways:

A

loaded language, emphasizing or leaving out info, and offensive language.

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13
Q

history

A

a study of the past and present events with an investigation of relationships between events.

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14
Q

archaeology

A

the study of artifacts

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15
Q

anthropology

A

the study of humans in the past and present.

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16
Q

physical anthropology

A

studies physical remains

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17
Q

cultural anthropology

A

studies artifacts to determine how it has changed over time.

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18
Q

sociologist

A

the study of people and controversial topics. (racism, gun violence, politics, etc.)

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19
Q

linguistics

A

the study of languages

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20
Q

physical map

A

shows the natural features of a place like mountains, rivers, valleys, etc.

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21
Q

political map

A

shows human-created divisions and boundaries such as countries, states, etc.

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22
Q

demographic map

A

shows human population data, such as age, race, education, etc.

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23
Q

latitude

A

imaginary lines that run east to west.

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24
Q

longitude

A

imaginary lines that run north to south.

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25
prime meridian
the zero line of longitude
26
equator
the zero line of latitude
27
democracy
a system of gov. by which people control actions and decisions.
28
representative gov.
USA (president)
29
parliamentary gov.
GB (king)
30
authoritarian
a system of gov. by which people have little say or direct control in laws and actions.
31
aristocracy gov.
power is held by a king
32
dynastic gov.
power is held by a family/group
33
totalitarian
a system of gov. by which the government has total control over the people, laws, and actions.
34
dictatorship gov.
one leader rules all.
35
market economy
consumers have control over what goods and services are produced in a nation.
36
modified market economy
where the gov controls some businesses and companies so things arent out of control
37
mixed economy
consumers have some control in the economy
38
command economy
consumers have no say in the economy.
39
nomadic
when people move from place to place for food.
40
bi-pedality
being able to walk on two feet
41
migration
moving from one place to another with a group
42
huntergatherer
people who hunt and gather their food
43
ice age
a long period in earths history when global temperatures dropped and parts of the planet were incased in ice
44
hominids
the primate (group) of humans and their fossil ancestors.
45
african origins theory
where scientists state that humans evolved in africa and later migrated to other parts of the world.
46
3 main changes that the cro-magnon people made:
advanced tools and weapons, art and symbolism, and permanent shelters.
47
Ardi´s basic identity
a hominid species that is 4.4 million years old and was discovered in ethiopia in 1994
48
Ardi´s physical features
ardi was bipedal but could also climb trees with her grasping feet. she had smaller canine teeth and a pelvis shaped for walking upright.
49
ardi´s habitat and behavior
lived in a wooded environment, not desert. she likely had a diverse diet like fruits and plants.
50
ardi´s evolutionary significance
helps scientists understand the transition from ape-like ancestors to early humans. she shows that upright walking evolved earlier than thought.
51
bantu-speaking people were the first to____
start the migration around africa which led to the indo. european migration
52
core beliefs of hinduism:
dharma, karma, samsara, and moksha.
53
dharma
living according to your role, responsibilities, and moral principles.
54
karma
every action, good or bad, has consequences.
55
samsara
the endless cycle of birth and rebirth
56
moksha
freedom from samsara; the ultimate goal.
57
the caste system
a rigid social hierarchy where people are born into fixed groups (castes) that determine their status, occupation, and social interactions
58
core beliefs of buddhism
the four noble truths
59
the four noble truths
1. life is full of suffering 2. suffering is caused by desire (wealth, power, and pleasure.) 3. ending desire ends suffering 4. you end your suffering by following the eight fold path
60
the eight fold path
the guide to ethical living in buddhism.
61
founder of buddhism
siddhartha gautama (the buddha)
62
covenant
an agreement
63
messiah
savior
64
geographical context of judaism
includes the middle east, mediteranian sea, red sea, and arabian sea.
65
crossroads
region where africa, asia, and europe come together
66
monotheism
belief in one god
67
yaweh
name of the god for israelites
68
judaism
worlds oldest monotheistic religion; followers of the ten commandments
69
abraham
founder of judaism / god established the first covenant with abraham.
70
prophet
a messenger of god
71
moses
founder of judaism / god spoke to him and gave him the 10 commandments
72
ten commandments
laws given to Moses by god to follow an ethical life.
73
torah
sacred text of judaism
74
sabbath
holy day of rest (saturday)
75
rabbi
religious leader or teacher for judaism
76
synagogue
house of worship for judaism
77
rosh hashanah, yon kippur, hanukkah
religious holidays of judaism
78
diaspora
scattering of jews from the middle east throughout the world
79
jerusalem
holy city in Israel
80
Israel
independent state(country) for the jews
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