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Southern Rhône Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the climate of the Southern Rhône?

A

Mediterranean

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2
Q

Name a climatic hazard of the Southern Rhône.

A

Violent rainstorms

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3
Q

What defines the Southern Rhône’s soils?

A

Galet

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4
Q

What are galets?

A

Large round pudding stones that have been washed down from the mountains

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5
Q

Name the white grape varieties in the Southern Rhône.

A

Grenache Blanc
Viognier
Clairette
Marsanne
Roussanne
Ugni Blanc
Muscat

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6
Q

Name the red grape varieties in the Southern Rhône.

A

Grenache
Syrah
Carignan
Cinsault
Mourvèdre

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7
Q

What styles of wine are permitted in the Côtes du Rhône AOP?

A

Red
White
Rosé

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8
Q

What is the most planted grape in the southern Rhône?

A

Grenache

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9
Q

How are vines planted in the Southern Rhône?

A

On an angle so the Mistral Winds will blow them upright over time

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10
Q

What are the galets of Châteauneuf du Pape made from?

A

Quartzite that have been smoothed by the Rhône river

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11
Q

What is the minimum required alcohol for Châteauneuf du Pape AOP?

A

Minimum 12.5%

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12
Q

What is le râpé? Why?

A

A mandatory AOP mandate that producers declassify or discard at least 2% of harvested grapes

Safeguard against underripeness

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13
Q

Who released the first estate bottled CDP? When?

A

La Nerthe
1785

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14
Q

What does the Papal Crest signify on a bottle of CDP?

A

Estate bottling

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15
Q

When was the Papal court moved from Rome to Avignon? Who was the pope?

A

1309
Pope Clement V

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16
Q

When did CDP receive AOP status?

A

1936

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17
Q

What appellation was the first AOP in France?

A

Châteauneuf du Pape

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18
Q

Name the 2 methods of vineyard planting density for CDP.

A

En Ligne
Au Carre

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19
Q

Name 4 principal soil types found in Châteauneuf du Pape AOP.

A

Clay (argillaceous)
Sand (siliceous)
Limestone (calcareous)
Marl (molasse)

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20
Q

How do galets benefit the vineyard?

A

Help retain daytime heat and moderate temperatures in the vineyard

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21
Q

What is the largest appellation in the southern Rhône?

A

Côtes du Rhône

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22
Q

What are the 3 main grapes for Côtes du Rhône Villages AOP?

A

Grenache
Syrah
Mourvèdre

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23
Q

What is the minimum required alcohol for Côte du Rhône Villages with a subzone designate?

A

12.5%

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24
Q

What is the minimum required alcohol for Côtes du Rhône villages AOP?

A

12%

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25
What is the minimum requirement for Grenache in Gigondas AOP?
Minimum 50%
26
When was Gigondas AOP established?
1971
27
When was the Vacquerays AOP established?
1990
28
What is the assemblage requirement for Vacquerays AOP?
Minimum 50% Grenache with at least 1 complimentary variety
29
What is mutage?
Arresting fermentation by the addition of a pure grape spirit
30
What is Vin Doux Naturel?
French term for a style of fortified, naturally sweet wine produced by adding grape spirit to a partially fermented must
31
What 2 grape varieties are used for Muscat de Beaumes de Venise AOP?
Muscat à Petit Grains (Blanc) Muscat Rouge à Petit Grains (Rouge)
32
What is the minimum required residual sugar for Muscat de Beaumes de Venise AOP?
100 grams per liter
33
Rasteau AOP wines are based on what grape variety?
Grenache (Blanc/Gris/Noir)
34
Name 3 communes eligible to use Rasteau AOP.
Rasteau Cairanne Sablet
35
Describe the differences between Muscat Beaumes de Venise AOP and Rasteau AOP wines.
Muscat de Beaumes de Venise AOP wines are typically fresher and more aromatic Rasteau AOP wines show more tawny flavors
36
What does Ambré indicate on a bottle of Rasteau AOP?
White VDN displaying more oxidative characteristics
37
What does Tuilé indicate on a bottle of Rasteau AOP?
Red VDN displaying more oxidative characteristics
38
Where did Rasteau take inspiration for its labelling terms?
The producers of Rivesaltes in Roussillon
39
What does Hors d’age indicate on a bottle of Rasteau AOP?
The VDN has matured at least 5 years prior to release
40
What does Rancio indicate on a bottle of Rasteau AOP?
A deliberately oxidative and maderized style in which the wine is left in open barrels – exposed to sunlight and temperatures
41
What is the Southern Rhône’s northernmost appellation?
Grignan les Adhémar AOP
42
What are the benefits of the Mistral wind in the Southern Rhône?
Cools down the vines – retaining acidity in grapes Dries out the vineyards during harvest Causes substantial evaporation – concentrates sugar and acid
43
What are the disadvantages to the Mistral in the Southern Rhône?
Can rip apart the vines
44
What is the dominant red grape of the Southern Rhône?
Grenache
45
Which AOP in the southern Rhône is most known for rosé wines?
Tavel AOP
46
What is the southernmost AOP in the southern Rhône?
Châteauneuf du Pape AOP
47
What is the translation of “Châteauneuf du Pape”?
New Castle of the Pope
48
What does the Papal Crest depict on a bottle of CDP?
The Pope’s crown and St. Peter’s keys
49
How does Syrah affect the CDP blend?
Deepens color Adds spice
50
How does Mourvèdre affect the CDP blend?
Adds structure
51
Name a CDP producer that uses all 13 CDP varieties.
Château Beaucastel
52
What are the 2 CDP Blanc wines produced by Château Beaucastel?
Cuvée Classique Vieilles Vignes
53
Which AOP has the lowest yields in France?
Châteauneuf du Pape AOP
54
Why is oak not used in CDP?
Grenache is easily susceptible to oxidation
55
What vessel is used to vinify grenache for CDP?
Cement tanks
56
What vessel are Syrah and Mourvèdre vinified in?
Large, old oak foudres
57
What is the minimum potential alcohol required for CDP?
Minimum 12.5%
58
Can the wines of CDP be chaptalized?
No
59
What are the Dentelles de Montmirail?
Jagged spurs of rock just below Gigondas AOP
60
What is the principal grape variety in Gigondas Blanc? What is the minimum requirement?
Clairette Minimum 70%
61
What is the principal grape variety in Gigondas Rouge? What is the minimum requirement?
Grenache Minimum 50%
62
What is the minimum requirement for Syrah and Mouvèdre as supplemental varieties in Gigondas Rouge?
Minimum 15%
63
Name 5 producers of Gigondas AOP.
Domaine Santa Duc St Cosme Domaine de Pallières Domaine La Garrigue Domaine du Cayron
64
What grape is required to be present in the Tavel AOP blend?
Grenache Noir
65
What is the soil type of Tavel AOP? Describe it?
Lauses - White calcareous stone Galets
66
What method is used for Tavel AOP?
White and red grapes are placed in a vat together
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