SPEC POINT 1.3

Question 1

What are the 3 parts of blood vessels?

Answer 1

1. Arteries
2. Veins
3. Capillaries

Question 2

What are the features of arteries?

• • means that those are the ones that came on spec. rest are extras

Answer 2

1. NARROW LUMEN
2. FOLDED ENDOTHELIUM (inner part of blood vessel)
3*. THICK LAYER OF ELASTIC TISSUE
4. SMOOTH MUSCLES
5. COLLAGEN
6. SMOOTH ENDOTHELIAL WALL

Question 3

How does the structure of arteries relate to their function?

Answer 3

1. NARROW LUMEN - maintains high blood pressure on blood
2. FOLDED ENDOTHELIUM- can stretch to prevent damage due to high pressure
3*. THICK LAYER OF ELASTIC TISSUE- expand and recoil to maintain pressure on blood
4. SMOOTH MUSCLE- to contract and relax
5. COLLAGEN - To avoid rupture/damage
6. SMOOTH ENDOTHELIAL WALL- to reduce friction

Question 4

What are the features of veins?

Answer 4

1. WIDE LUMEN
2. THINNER WALLS
3. VALVES

Question 5

How does the structure of veins relate to their function?

Answer 5

1. WIDE LUMEN - due to low pressure
2. THIN WALLS - allow neighbouring skeletal muscles to deform vein and move blood
3. VALVES - ensures blood flow in the correct direction (prevents backflow)

Question 6

What are the features of capillaries?

Answer 6

1. NARROW LUMEN
2. CAPILLARY WALL ONE CELL THICK
3. FORM A LARGE NETWORK THROUGH TISSUES

Question 7

How does the structure of capillaries relate to their function?

Answer 7

1. NARROW LUMEN - causes blood to flow more slowly and allows exchange of substances. Also reduces diffusion distance (increases rate of diffusion both ways)
2. CAPILLARY WALL ONE CELL THICK - reduces diffusion distance (increases rate of diffusion)
3. FORM A LARGE NETWORK THROUGH TISSUES - increases surface area (increases rate of diffusion)