speciation

Question 1

binomial classification

Answer 1

domain
kingdom
phylum 
    (subphylum)
class
order 
family
genus 
species

Question 2

biological species concept

Answer 2

groups of interbreeding natural populations thatare reprodcutively isolated from other such groups

Question 3

gene pool

Answer 3

the number of different genes in an interbreeding population.

the gene pool/species is the unit of evolution

(individuals are the unit of selection)

Question 4

allopatric speciation

Answer 4

new species form geographically apart from its ancestor

away from

Question 5

cline

Answer 5

gradient of continous genotypic or phenotypic variation within a species

Question 6

ring species

Answer 6

a circular arrangement of populations with one boundary characterized by reproductive isolation, but intergradation among populations elsewhere.

Question 7

physical barriers

Answer 7

• a new physical barrier could divide the geographic range
• would prevent gene-flow between isolated populations
• different selection oressures, different random mutation , genetic drift
• full reproductive isolation

( allopactric speciation)

Question 8

reinforcement

Answer 8

a process of speciation where natural selection increases the reproductive isolation between two populations of species

reinforcement = assortative mating

Question 9

assortative mating

Answer 9

mating pattern and a form of sexual selection in which individuals with similar phenotypes or genotypes mate with one another more frequently than would be expected under a random mating pattern

Question 10

peripatric speciation

Answer 10

• a small population at the edge of the species range is isolated
• extreme conditions
• rapid evolutionary

Question 11

parapatric speciation

Answer 11

new species formsm withinn a contigous population

new niche or range with different contditions and selection pressure but no physical barriers

next to

Question 12

founder effect

Answer 12

the reduced genetic diversity which results when a small group of individuals become seperated from larger population

Question 13

hybrid zone

Answer 13

regions where genetically distinct populations meet, mate, and produce at least some offspring of mixed ancestry

Question 14

sympatric speciation

Answer 14

new specied forms in geographical range on ancestor

together