SPEP

Question 1

prealbumin

Answer 1

prealbumin region
liver and choroid plexus
carrier protein for thyroxine
negative apr

Question 2

RBP

Answer 2

prealbumin region
renal excretion
renal insufficiency

Question 3

albumin

Answer 3

albumin region
reabsorbed by proximal tubules
renal insufficiency
hyperalbuminemia due to dehydration
negative apr

Question 4

a1 antitrypsin

Answer 4

a1 region
PiZZ homozygous gene
emphysema, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma
positive apr

Question 5

a1 acid glycoprotein

Answer 5

a1 region
liver, granulocytes, and monocytes
ulcerative collitis
positive apr

Question 6

haptoglobin

Answer 6

a2 region
bind free Hb
intravascular hemolysis

Question 7

a2 macroglobulin

Answer 7

a2 region
nephrotic syndrome
negative apr

Question 8

ceruloplasmin

Answer 8

a2 region
low in Wilson’s disease
positive apr

Question 9

b2 microglobulin

Answer 9

b2 region
HLA complex
autoimmune diseases, renal failure, and lymphoproliferative disease

Question 10

transferrin

Answer 10

b2 region
2 forms = reg form and tau form
tau form id CSF
negative apr

Question 11

fibrinogen

Answer 11

b2 region
coagulation with platelets

Question 12

CRP

Answer 12

gamma region
postive APR
marker of inflammation
estimate risk for long term cardiovascular disease

Question 13

immunoglobulins

Answer 13

gamma region
appears washed in immunodeficiency

Question 14

proteinuria with glomerular pattern

Answer 14

strong albumin, a1 and b bands
only intermediate sized proteins present

Question 15

proteinuria with tubular pattern

Answer 15

weak albumin band
strong a1 and a2 bands

Question 16

proteinuria with pre-renal/overflow pattern

Answer 16

monoclonal light chains seen
BENCE JONES PROTEINURIA

Question 17

GGT detects

Answer 17

hepatobiliary disease

Question 18

ALP detects

Answer 18

hepatobiliary disease and bone disease

biliary tree obstruction produces ALP
increase ALP in 3rd trimester

Question 19

acute hepatitis

Answer 19

8x increase in ALT
3x decrease in ALP

Question 20

hep a

Answer 20

acute hepatitis
vaccine available

Question 21

hep c

Answer 21

chronic hepatitis
no vaccine but can be cured

Question 22

hep b

Answer 22

most common cause of acute hepatitis

HBsAg-HBV surface Ag (current infection)
anti-HBc-Ab to HBV core Ag (total Ab is LONG LASTING)
anti-HBs-Ab to HBV surface Ag (pos in those IMMUNIZED against HBV and after natural infection)
HBeAG and anti HBe (marker for PERSISTENT VIRUS in CHRONIC INFECTION)

Question 23

LDH

Answer 23

hemolytic anemias increase their activity
useful in predicting disease with activity in LEUKEMIA

Question 24

TR-ACP

Answer 24

useful marker of conditions with osteolytic component

paget’s disease
hyperparathyroidism
malignant invasion of bone by cancer cells

Question 25

amylase

Answer 25

elevated pancreatitis for 36-48 hrs decrease specific for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

Question 26

lipase

Answer 26

elevated in pancreatitis for up to 14 days specific for acute pancreatitis and stays elevated longer than amylase

Question 27

troponin

Answer 27

MI

Question 28

CK

Answer 28

acute rhadomyolysis

Question 29

trypsin

Answer 29

newborn screening for CF heavy mucus in CF pxs block transport of trypsinogen

Question 30

cholinesterase

Answer 30

liver fxn indicator of possible insecticide poisoning detection of px at risk for prolonged response to certain muscle relaxants during surgery