STIs

Question 1

What is the most common bacterial STI in males and females?

Answer 1

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 2

Fill in the blank:

For pregnant patients with Chlamydia, the preferred treatment is ______.

Answer 2

Azithromycin

Question 3

What is the recommended diagnostic test for Chlamydia in females?

Answer 3

Nucleic acid amplification testing

(vaginal swab)

Question 4

Which STI is the second most commonly reported and caused by a gram negative bacteria?

Answer 4

Gonorrhea

Question 5

What is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhea?

Answer 5

Ceftriaxone

Question 6

In patients with a true IgE-mediated penicillin allergy, what are alternative treatment options for gonorrhea?

Answer 6

• 2g of spectinomycin IM
• 2g of oral azithromycin, plus 240mg of gentamicin IM

Question 7

True or False:

All sexual partners within 60 days of a positive gonorrhea test should be treated.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the primary cause of genital lesions in Herpes Simplex Virus infections?

Answer 8

HSV 2

Question 9

What is the incubation period for Herpes Simplex Virus after exposure?

Answer 9

2 to 12 days

Question 10

What is the recommended treatment for the first episode of genital herpes?

Answer 10

Valacyclovir 1000mg twice a day for 7 to 10 days

Question 11

What is the causative agent of Trichomoniasis?

Answer 11

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 12

What is the first-line treatment for Trichomoniasis?

Answer 12

Metronidazole, tinidazole, or secnidazole

Question 13

What is the causative agent of Syphilis?

Answer 13

Treponema pallidum

Question 14

Fill in the blank:

The primary infection stage of Syphilis is characterized by the presence of a ______.

Answer 14

Chancre

Question 15

What is the treatment for early syphilis without neurosyphilis?

Answer 15

IM penicillin g benzathine

Question 16

What type of test is used to diagnose Syphilis?

Answer 16

Serologic tests

(nontreponemal and treponemal-specific tests)

The use of only one test is insufficient for diagnosis since serologic testing can provide false-positive results.

Question 17

What cells does HIV primarily target?

Answer 17

• Dendritic cells
• Macrophages
• CD4+ T cells

Question 18

What is the initial treatment for HIV infection?

Answer 18

Antiretroviral therapy

(ART)

Question 19

Who should receive preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV?

Answer 19

• Persons with a sexual partner with HIV
• Men who have sex with men
• Transgender women who engage in anal sex
• IV drug users
• Heterosexual persons with partners at increased risk

Question 20

What is a common presentation of bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 20

Malodorous, off-white vaginal discharge

Question 21

What are the Amsel criteria for diagnosing bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 21

• Characteristic vaginal discharge
• Vaginal pH >4.5
• Clue cells on microscopy
• Positive whiff test

Question 22

What are the treatment options for bacterial vaginosis in non-pregnant females?

Answer 22

• Metronidazole 500mg twice a day, orally, for 7 days
• Metronidazole gel 0.75% once a day, vaginally, for 5 days
• Clindamycin 2% vaginal cream once a day, at bedtime, for 7 days

Question 23

What are anogenital warts also known as?

Answer 23

Condylomata acuminata

Question 24

Which HPV types are most commonly associated with cervical cancer?

Answer 24

HPV Types 16 and 18

Question 25

What is the **treatment** for non-pregnant, immunocompetent patients with 5 or fewer anogenital warts?

Answer 25

Imiquimod or podophyllotoxin

Question 26

What is the **first-line treatment** for non-pregnant persons with Chlamydia trachomatis?

Answer 26

Doxycycline

Question 27

# True or False: HSV 1 is the predominant cause of genital lesions.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

Which test is used for diagnosing **active Herpes Simplex Virus lesions**?

Answer 28

PCR testing

Question 29

# Fill in the blank: Condylomata acuminata is a manifestation of \_\_\_\_\_\_ infection.

Answer 29

human papillomavirus (HPV)

Question 30

What are the **low-risk HPV types** associated with Condylomata acuminata?

Answer 30

* HPV 6 * HPV 11

Question 31

What is a **common presentation** of Trichomoniasis?

Answer 31

Purulent, malodorous, thin discharge with associated burning, pruritus, and/or dysuria

Question 32

Which **diagnostic tests** are used for Trichomoniasis?

Answer 32

* Nucleic acid amplification tests * Microscopic evaluation

Question 33

What are the **risk factors** for HIV?

Answer 33

* Men who have sex with men * IV drug users * Healthcare workers with needle stick injury

Question 34

What is the **preferred PEP regimen** for HIV exposure?

Answer 34

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-emtricitabine (TDF-FTC) PLUS dolutegravir