Swallowing

Question 1

what anatomy structures are involved in swallowing (7)

Answer 1

epiglottis, tongue, valleculae, piriformis sinuses, vocal cords, esophagus, trachea

Question 2

describe the 4 phases of swallowing

Answer 2

1. oral preparatory phase = taking food from utensil to bolus px bw palate and tongue ready for swallow
2. oral transit phase: bolus bw palate and tongue ready for swallow to bolus reaching posterior pharyngeal wall/valleculae
3. pharyngeal phase: bolus reaches post pharyngeal wall/valleculae to bolus reaching UE
4. esophageal phase: bolue reaching UES to entire bolus in stomach

Question 3

what is aspiration. what are the symptoms (4)

Answer 3

food or fluid down vocal folds => coughing, voice change, choking, throat clearing

Question 4

what is penetration what are the 3 symptoms

Answer 4

food entering airway above level of vocal cords => coughing, voice change, throat clearing

Question 5

what are the stages of ot intervention for swallowing

Answer 5

1. screening
2. information collection
3. physical eval
4. mealtime observation
5. consultation w client
6. goal setting
7. consultaion w tx
   tx
   follow up

Question 6

name common ot interventions for swallowign (10)

Answer 6

1. environmental adaptation
2. positioning
3. adapted utensil
4. liquid modification
5. solid modification
6. isometric/isotonic exercise w or w/o biofeedback
7. practice meals
8. counselling and support
9. assisted feeding: training of mealtime assistant
10. non oral feeding