Systems

Question 1

What are macro molecules and what are their functions?

Answer 1

• Carbohydrates (Breaks down food into sugars, provides short term energy - Monosaccharide)
• Lipids (Breaks down fat globules into smaller droplets, moves and stores energy - Fatty acid and glycerol)
• Proteins (Helps your body repair cells and make new ones - Amino acids)
• Nucleic Acid (Carries genetic information - Nucleotides)

Question 2

What are the enzymes and what do they do?

Answer 2

• Amylase (Digests starch into smaller molecules)
• Maltase (Turns starch molecules into individual glucose molecules)
• Lipase (Breaks down fats in food so they can be absorbed into the intestines)
• Protease (Breaks down proteins)

Question 3

Digestive Tract (Structure)

Answer 3

• Mouth Pharynx (Supports the respiratory and digestive system)
• Salivary glands (Produces saliva to break down foods and lubricate the oral mucosa)
• Esophagus (Transports food from the mouth to the stomach)
• Liver (Filters blood in the body and breaks down poisonous substances such as drugs and alcohol)
• Stomach (Holds the food / mixes it with acid and enzymes that continue to break the foods down)
• Pancreas (Produces enzymes that help to digest food)
• Large intestines (Absorbs nutrients out of the food)
• Rectum (Stores waste until it is ready to be disposed)
• Anus (Where stool is disposed from the body)
• Small intestine (Gets rid of unnecessary components and continues to break down food in a more thorough way)

Question 4

What are the parts of the heart?

Answer 4

• Aorta
• Superior Vena Cava
  -Right Atrium
• Pulmonary Valve
• Tricuspid Valve
• Inferior Vena Cava
• Right Ventricle
• Pulmonary Artery
• Left Atrium
• Mitral Valve
• Aortic Valve
• Left Ventricle

Question 5

What blood types are there and what do they react to?

Answer 5

• A (Antigen A, Anti-B Bodies)
• B (Antigen B, Anti-A Bodies)
• AB (Antigens A and B, No Antibodies)
• O (No Antigens, All Antibodies)
• Positive (Contains RH Proteins)
• Negative (Does not contain RH protein)

Question 6

What does blood help with/do in our systems?

Answer 6

• Transfers oxygen and nutrients to all parts of the body so they can continue working

Question 7

Respiratory system structure

Answer 7

• Left Lung (Assists with gas exchange)
• Right Lung (Assists with gas exchange)
• Epiglottis (Prevents food and drinks from entering the wind pipe)
• Trachea (Carries air in and out of your lungs)
• Pharynx (Receives air from the naval cavity)
• Larynx (Protects the lower respiratory tract from taking food into the trachea while breathing)
• Bronchi (Carry air to and from your lungs)
• Nasal Cavity (humidifies and warms the inspired air while protecting the body from viruses and harmful bacteria)
• Alveoli (Where gas exchange occurs and where oxygen is given to the blood cells)

Question 8

How do we breathe?

Answer 8

• The diaphragm pulls outwards away from the lungs resulting in a breath inwards, the oxygen travels down into the lungs and through the bronchi where it is distributed to the blood cells through the alveoli and carried through the body.

Question 9

What is gas exchange? (External and Internal respiration)

Answer 9

• Internal (Through the use of diffusion, the gas is exchanged in the tissue internally.)
• External (Occurs within the alveoli, oxygen -> carbon dioxide)

Question 10

How does the respiratory system interact with the circulatory system

Answer 10

• The circulatory system transports blood to and from the lungs to distribute oxygen throughout the body

Question 11

How does the digestion system interact with the respiratory system

Answer 11

• The inhaled oxygen is utilized to generate energy from the nutrients absorbed in the body

Question 12

how does the digestion system interact with the circulatory system.

Answer 12

• The digestive system absorbs nutrients which the circulatory system transports throughout the body to help produce energy therefore helping the organs function

Question 13

What are RH proteins?

Answer 13

• An inherited protein that can be found on the surface of blood cells

Question 14

What is systolic blood pressure?

Answer 14

• Measures the pressure of your blood while your heart beats

Question 15

What is diastolic blood pressure?

Answer 15

• Measures the pressure of your blood while your heart is resting

Question 16

What are the villi, and what is there structure/how does it benefit in its function?

Answer 16

• They are finger like projections that line the entire inside of your small intestine
• (Microvilli, brush border cells with lactase enzyme, capillaries)
• The shape of the villi help with capturing the food to make it easier to break down