1
Q
What was aristole view on emotion ?
A
- Emotion play a useful tool interaction with other
2
Q
What was the stoic perspective on emotions ?
A
- Considerd emotion as a threat to reason
3
Q
What was david hume persepctive on emotions ?
A
- Against stoic perspective
- Emotion is key for emotions
4
Q
What was herbet simons persepctive on emotions ?
A
- argued that emotions served a critical function in intelligent behavior
- Is the power to shift between goals
- emotions prime perceptions and response patterns
5
Q
How is the todays perspective of emotion ?
A
- neurological deficits in emotion processing lead to deficits in decision making
- Support Hume
6
Q
What is the power of computational modeling ?
A
- It can asnwer “what if question”
- it studies complex sysetms via computer simulation
7
Q
What are some benefits of computational modeling ?
A
- it creates a better understanding on the basis of conceptual lvl
- leads to better understanding of emotion theories since u have to reformulate the a theory into a detailed computer function
8
Q
How does the conceptual model of theories become clearer regardind computational model ?
A
- Exposing implicit assumption and hidden complexities
- It also makes language of emotional theories clear
- It can also leads to fast and better predictions since it can oversome ethical issues
9
Q
What are fundamental challenges in computational model of human emotions ?
A
- Model needs to know how emotion arises over range of conditions (physical or complex social situations)
- needs to identfy how long does it take for emotions to arise (seconds or days)
10
Q
Explain the computationl model based on the example with the dove ?
A
- a dove flew into an open window during a improvisational session with actors to record their use of nonverbal behavior
- Flew in and wanted out but hit the wall
- Based on sound actors reaction started
11
Q
How long did the emotional reaction in the dove experiment last ? (Also name the number of emotional stages)
A
- 2.6 seconds
- Interpretation evolved from fight to helping the bird
- 5-6 emotional stages
12
Q
What were the conclusions of the experiment withe the dove ?
A
- emotion’s function in interrupting and re-prioritizing cognition (simon)
- Emotions are multi-agent system
- Interpretation of event evolved because perceptual and inferential processes requiring time since new knowledge comes into play
13
Q
What is meant by Emotions are multi-agent system ?
A
- emotions are build up on interacting components
14
Q
What are key components which each emotional theory must explain ?
A
- What belongs to an emotion (cognition, process)
- What is the relationship between components of emotions ? ( Do they run in parallel or Step by step)
- Have a clear reprensentaonal distinction (are emotions of natural kind of just linguistic fiction
15
Q
Name the three categorize of human emotion theories:
A
- Discrete theories of emotion
- Dimensional theories of emotion
- Appraisal theories of emotion
16
Q
Explain the discrete theory of emotion in dept:
A
- there is a limited number of core emotions that are biologically determined + their expression is shared across people and cultures
- distinct neural cicuit for each emotion
17
Q
Explain the dimensional theory of emotion in depth:
A
- emottions are not distinct rather they could be put on a continioued
- no discret circuits (No brain region for specific brain region)
18
Q
Explain the appraisal theory of emotion in depth:
A
- emotions arise from a process of comparing individual needs to external demands (also called person enviorment relationship)
- The PER is characterized in terms of criteria (also called appraisal varaibles)
- The result of appraisal varaibles -> are then put into a emotion
- key component are inferential processes and appraisal
19
Q
Namer the appraisal variables/criterais of PER?
A
- Who caused the event ?
- What power to I have over the unfolding of the situation ?
- Is the event desirable ?
20
Q
What is meant by inferential processes and how is that linked to emotions ?
A
- individual must engage in expensive cognitive inference before responding emotionally to some stimuli
- “perceptions/planing”
- only found in appraisal theories
21
Q
What is the nae of the model which they came up with after dove experiment ?
A
- EMA ( (Emotion and Adaption) Model
22
Q
What emotional theory does the EMA follow and explain the how it views inferences and appraisal:
A
- Uses the appraisal theory
- Appraisal and inferences are distinct processes but operate on the same mental representation
- Appraisal process that assesses the representation is always fast, parallel and automatically
- but inference might be slow or fast
23
Q
What is another name for the person enviorment relationship ?
A
- Causal interpretation
24
Q
What does a computational model of an appraisal theory consist of ?
A
- It needs a
1. appraisal-derivation process
2. Emotional derivation model
3. set of behavioral consequence
25
Explain the appaisal derivation process:
1. affective summary of the person enviormental relation contents
2. interprets the representation of the person-environment relationship to produce appraisal varaibles via building a appraisal frame
26
Explain the term of person enviormental relation more in depth:
- how the agents relates to the environment -> build on beliefs, desires, intentions, plans
- All based on current knowledge
- changes from moment to moment in response to observation/perception
- Also encodes input, intermediate results & output of inferential processes
27
Explain the Emotion Derivation Model:
- takes the appraisal variables (apprisal frame) and produces an emotional response
28
What is so sepcial about teh emotion derivation model ?
- it is baised based on mood
| - So the emotion which will be produced is influenced by ur current mood
29
Explain the behavioural consequences of the EMA model more in depth:
- Behavioural consequences are based on emotions
| - These emotion have to pass certain coping strategies in order to have as effect on the behaviour
30
How do coping strategies manipulate emotions ?
- It is kinda a contol signal/a gate for emotions
| - They either enable or suppress cognitive processes -> behavioural consequence
31
Name the 4 coping stratgies:
- Attention-related coping
- Belief-related coping
- dsire related coping
- intentional coping
32
Explain the attention related coping strategy?
- Emotion are contolled or affect behavioural consequence based on your attenton towrads a situaton situation
- Seeking information vs supress information
33
Explain the belief related coping strategy?
- Emotion are contolled or affect behavioural consequence based on your belief on the situation
34
Explain the desire related coping strategy?
- Emotion are contolled or affect behavioural consequence based on your goal priorities which you can change
- One goal might be to pass the exam = bad mood
- Going to a party = good mood
35
Explain the intenional related coping strategy?
- Emotion are contolled or affect behavioural consequence based on your actions and attentions
- if you do not feel good talk about it
36
In which field was the EMA being testes ?
- In virtual reality where they mimic virtual humans
- since they solved understading between emotion and situation
- linked intra perosnal (emotion coordinate indvidual brhaviour)with interpersonal emotion (emotion control social behaviour)
- Created a true synergei between compuational and psychological approach
37
Summarize how the EMA model in cooperation with the apprisal theory lead to behaviour ?
1. Apprisal of a situation leads to emotion
2. Those emotion lead to action if coping stratgeies are used
3. coping influences also inferences which -> and those inference change the person enviroment relationship -> so the apprisal of the situation starts over again
38
What is meant by cyberpsychology ?
- is the study of impact of modern technology on human behavior (for better or worse)
39
What is the main tool of cyberpsychology ?
- VR glasses (3D)
40
What are the benefits of cyberpsychology ?
- It would make thearapie affordable for everyone (lower coast)
- People might overcome the issues of stigma
- It would make therapie more accessable
41
Where is cyperpsychology exspcially helpful ?
- treatment of anxiety and phobia
| - Exposure therapy
42
What is the defintion of emotion ?
- reactions to particular situations
43
What is the definition of a mood ?
- emotionsal state which is more long-lasting and less directed toward particular situations
Man and Machine
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Decks in class (12)
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