Taylorella

Question 1

T. equigenitalis general characteristics

Answer 1

• non motile
• facultative anaerobe
• oxidase and catalase positive
• nonfermentative
• microaerophilic
• fastidious

Question 2

Contagious equine metritis

Answer 2

Acute, highly contagious venereal disease of female equids

• copious purulent vaginitis, metritis, cervicitis
• temporary sterility
• abortions within first 60 days of gestation
• stallions are asymptomatic carriers

Question 3

Disease

Answer 3

• lesions confined to mucus membranes of the vagina, cervix, uterus
• no fever, not systemic
• purulent endometritis, damaged uterine epithelium covered by neutrophilic exudate
• mononuclear infiltrate of endothelial stroma
• mucoid to mucopurulent vulvar discharge or failure of conception are the main clinical signs

Question 4

Infection in females usually ________

Answer 4

Spontaneously subsides in a few weeks

• endometrial repair with no lasting impairment of breeding performance
• external signs disappear within 2 weeks, uterine infection may persist

Question 5

Infection is detected in ______

Answer 5

Placenta and newborn foals

• abortions are rare
• no lesions in stallion

Question 6

Diagnosis

Answer 6

Based on clinical signs

• definitive diagnosis requires isolation from genital tract –> selective media, amines transport with charcoal, oxidase/catalase/alkaline phosphatase positive
• serology is useful for detection of acutely infected mares –> carrier mares and stallions are negative

Question 7

Carriers

Answer 7

• recovered mares: clitoral fossa and sinuses

- stallions: prepuce, urethra, urethral fossa

Question 8

Treatment

Answer 8

• mares: cleansing of clitoral fossa with chlorahexidine and nitrofurazone ointment for 5 days
• uterine irrigation and systemic antibiotics
• stallions: cleansing of urethral fossa and sinus, prepuce, and penis with chlorhexidine and nitrofurazone ointement for 5 days

Question 9

Control

Answer 9

• mares: should culture negative after 1 week of treatment, should be negative on 3 successive cultures
• stallions: culturing and test breeding
• reportable disease, state, and federal!!!
• strict quarantine on imported horses >2 yrs old