What drives human nature according to Freud?
Sexual urges (libido)
Freud believed that sexual urges are a fundamental motivating force in human behavior.
What is the basis of personality according to Freud?
Early childhood experiences
Freud emphasized the importance of formative experiences in shaping personality.
What are the three components of Freud’s personality theory?
Id, Ego, and Superego
These components interact to shape human behavior and personality.
What method did Freud use to uncover the unconscious?
Psychoanalysis
This therapeutic approach aims to reveal hidden thoughts and feelings.
Which aspects did Freud focus on in the unconscious?
Dreams, unconscious desires, etc.
Freud believed these elements were crucial for understanding the unconscious mind.
What term did Freud use to describe a girl’s envy of male anatomy?
Penis envy
This concept is part of Freud’s theory on female psychosexual development.
What is Adler’s main concept regarding human motivation?
Striving for superiority or success
Adler believed that individuals are motivated by a desire to overcome feelings of inferiority.
According to Adler, how is personality shaped?
By free will and social environment
Adler emphasized the role of social context and individual choice in personality development.
What are the key themes in Adler’s theory?
Belonging and purpose
Adler believed that a sense of belonging is essential for personal development.
What concept relates to Adler’s views on family dynamics?
Birth order
Adler proposed that the order of a child’s birth within a family can influence personality.
What concept did Jung introduce that refers to universal symbols?
Archetypes
Jung believed archetypes are innate, universal symbols found in collective unconscious.
What did Jung believe about the unconscious?
There is both personal and collective unconscious
Jung distinguished between individual experiences and shared human experiences.
How did Jung define libido?
A more general life energy focused on growth
Jung’s concept of libido encompasses more than just sexual energy.
What is essential for achieving wholeness according to Jung?
Balancing the unconscious and conscious
Jung believed that integrating both aspects of the mind is key to personal development.
What are the archetypes that Jung identified?
Anima/animus, shadow, self
These archetypes represent different aspects of the human experience.
What area did Horney focus on regarding personality development?
Interpersonal dynamics and coping strategies
Horney emphasized the importance of relationships in shaping personality.
What did Horney identify as a significant factor in personality formation?
Childhood anxiety
Horney argued that anxiety in childhood influences adult personality.
How does Horney believe personality is shaped?
By early childhood and parent involvement
Horney stressed the role of parenting and early experiences in personality development.
What are the three coping strategies identified by Horney?
Moving toward, against or with people
These strategies reflect different ways individuals cope with anxiety in relationships.
What term did Horney use to describe a man’s envy of female anatomy?
Womb envy
This concept challenges traditional views of male superiority in psychoanalytic theory.
If a child experiences their needs not being met they will experience _____ towards their parent
Basic evil
If a child is experiencing basic evil it could develop into
basic hostility
What is Basic Hostility
repressed feelings of rage that originate during childhood when they feel that their parents will not satisfy their needs for safety
when basic hostility are repressed it becomes
basic anxiety
