test 1 part 3

Question 1

Which right is guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment?

Answer 1

No self-incrimination (“plead the Fifth”) & due process.

Question 2

Which is NOT one of the Lemon v. Kurtzman tests?

Answer 2

Trick: The three tests are (1) secular purpose, (2) no advancement/inhibition of religion, (3) no excessive entanglement. Anything outside those is NOT part of Lemon.

Question 3

Delegates to VA convention ratified Constitution only after Federalists promised to-

Answer 3

Add a Bill of Rights in the First Congress

Question 4

Protections of Bill of Rights apply to states because incorporated via-

Answer 4

Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment.

Question 5

Establishment Clause wording

Answer 5

“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.”

Question 6

Baze v. Rees (2008) Supreme Court declared ^_^ permissible

Answer 6

Lethal injection was constitutional.

Question 7

Which statement is NOT true about incarceration rates?

Answer 7

U.S. has 5% of world population but ~25% of its prison population (true). Not true: “U.S. has average incarceration rates” → U.S. is highest.

Question 8

the Slaughterhouse Cases (1873)

Answer 8

Limited scope of 14th Amendment – ruled it applied mainly to former slaves, not broadly to all citizens.

Question 9

Which defines civil liberties vs. civil rights?

Answer 9

Civil Liberties = protections from government intrusion. Civil Rights = government ensures fair/equal treatment.

Question 10

Define the term “social movement.”

Answer 10

A collective effort by people to bring about or resist social or political change.

Question 11

What was the ERA?

Answer 11

The Equal Rights Amendment, a proposed amendment guaranteeing gender equality; passed Congress in 1972 but not ratified.

Question 12

The Civil War Amendments gave ^_^ collectively to Blacks.

Answer 12

13th – ended slavery; 14th – citizenship/equal protection; 15th – voting rights.

Question 13

Advocates of gay rights have relied primarily on ^_^

Answer 13

The 14th Amendment (Equal Protection & Due Process).

Question 14

In Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), SCOTUS declared ^_^

Answer 14

Same-sex marriage is a constitutional right under the 14th Amendment.

Question 15

Early 19th century emancipation tied to ^_^

Answer 15

Economic argument (Adam Smith: free labor more efficient than slavery).

Question 16

Variations in socialization caused by ^_^

Answer 16

Differences in family, region, religion, race, class, and education.

Question 17

The unifying patterns of thought and behavior widely held about gov. = ^_^

Answer 17

Political culture.