identity using sec^2(x)
1 + tan^2(x) = sec^2(x)
identity using cosec^2(x)
1 + cot^2(x) = cosec^2(x)
product rule (differentiation)
y = uv
dy/dx = u(dv/dx) + v(du/dx)
implicit differentiation
d/dx(f(y))
f’(y)(dy/dx)
implicit differentiation
d/dx(xy)
x(dy/dx) + y
concave
local maximum
convex
local minimum