test 2: lecture 8 - mitosis

Question 1

phases of mitosis

Answer 1

prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 2

is mitosis sexual or asexual?

Answer 2

asexual: two identical daughter cells

Question 3

what type of cells does mitosis produce?

Answer 3

somatic cells

Question 4

prophase (8)

Answer 4

• chromatin condenses in nucleus
• chromosomes visible as little rods and as 2 sister chromatids
• nucleoli disappear
• centrioles form spindle fibers (microtubules)
• centrosomes move to poles
• no more RNA transcription
• final breakdown of nuclear membrane
• connect kinetochores to spindle fibers at centromeres

Question 5

metaphase

Answer 5

• centrioles completely opposite
• asters form
• kinetochores are attached to spindle fibers
• some microtubules overlap (fibers) and are not connected to kinetochores
• chromosomes line up in middle of cell: metaphase plate

Question 6

anaphase

Answer 6

• sister chromatids seperate (opp. sides of cell)
• spindle fibers shorten
• cell deforms as unattached microtubules move farther apart
• at the end, each pole has complete collection of chromosomes

Question 7

telophase

Answer 7

• unattached microtubules move further apart
• daughter nuclei begin to form
• nuclear membrane begins to form
• chromatin becomes less tightly coiled
• cytokinesis begins: cleavage furrow splits cell into 2 daughter cells

Question 8

how does the cleavage furrow occur?

Answer 8

caused my actin filaments (microfilaments) contracting

Question 9

true or false? plants have a cleavage furrow?

Answer 9

false - plants will begin to form a cell wall