Test 2 MABs

Question 1

structure of antibody

Answer 1

• 2 heavy chains: 50kD
• 2 light chains: 25kD
• connected via disulfide bond @ hinge region

Question 2

CDR

Answer 2

• hyper-variable region

- antigen binding site

Question 3

Which cells make antibodies?

Answer 3

B-cells

Question 4

murine Ab

Answer 4

• complete mouse

- omab

Question 5

chimeric Ab

Answer 5

• mouse FAB, human Fc portion

- ximab

Question 6

humanized Ab

Answer 6

• mainly human; some mouse

- zumab

Question 7

fully humanized Ab

Answer 7

• completely human

- umab

Question 8

What was the effect of the humanized Ab?

Answer 8

adverse reactions went from 50% to 0.1-34%

Question 9

papain

Answer 9

digest Ab into Fab and Fc portions

Question 10

pepsin

Answer 10

digest Ab into (Fab)2 and Fc portion into small fragments

Question 11

scFv

Answer 11

• variable regions joined together via peptide linkage

- smallest in Ab production that we have reached

Question 12

Where are Bcells located?

Answer 12

spleen

Question 13

Hybridoma

Answer 13

B cells fused with myeloma cells to produce antibodies indefinitely

Question 14

production of MAb

Answer 14

• in vitro manipulation
• introduction into plasmid
• transfer into myeloma cell
• expand growth into tissue culture or mouse for production

Question 15

Results of interaction of mAb with a cell receptor

Answer 15

• Direct modulation of target antigen

- Cell damage

Question 16

Direct modulation of target antigen

Answer 16

• Agonism

- Antagonism

Question 17

Agonism

Answer 17

mimic the activity of the antigen or receptor

Question 18

Antagonism

Answer 18

inhibit the activity of the antigen or receptor

Question 19

types of cell damage

Answer 19

• complement

- antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Question 20

example of agnosim action in cancer

Answer 20

induction of activity of antigen / receptor that causes cell death

Question 21

example of antagonism action in cancer

Answer 21

• blocking factor that promotes cancer cell growth

- Herceptin

Question 22

Complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity

Answer 22

• complement on cell surface
• conformational change
• membrane attack complex (MAC) formed
• disrupts cell membrane
• cell death

Question 23

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Answer 23

• Ab binds to antigen on target cell
• NK cells recognize the Fc portion of those Ab and they bind
• NK cells activated
• perforin and granzyme released
• cell lyses

Question 24

Alemtuzumab

Answer 24

• Campath
• binds to CD52
• kills cell via Ab and complement-mediated cellular cytotoxicity

Question 25

Bevacizumab

Answer 25

binds to VEGF and prevent its interaction with its receptors

Question 26

VEGF

Answer 26

promotes growth of vessels / vascular system to provide nutrients to the tumor

Question 27

EGF

Answer 27

promotes cell proliferation

Question 28

Panitumumab

Answer 28

bind to EGFR to inhibit cell growth

Question 29

Cetuximab

Answer 29

bind to EGFR to inhibit cell growth

Question 30

Rituximab

Answer 30

- binds to CD20 | - Ab and complement-mediated cytotoxicity

Question 31

Trastuzumab

Answer 31

- binds to HER2 protein | - Ab-mediated cytotoxicity and immune cell activation

Question 32

Radioimmunoscintigraphy

Answer 32

- Diagnostic applications of Radiolabeled antibodies | - can be used for cancer, infection, and angiogenesis

Question 33

Radioimmunotherapy

Answer 33

- Therapeutic applications of Radiolabeled antibodies

Question 34

example of | radiolabeled antibody used for therapy

Answer 34

- Yitrium (Y90) recognizes CD20 in target B tumor cell | - radiation released by Y90 penetrates and damages cell