Test #2 Pulpal pathology

Question 1

What are the pathways of pulpal disease?

Answer 1

• Dentinal Tubules
• Direct pulp exposure
• Caries
• Iatrogenic
• Trauma

Question 2

What is the most common cause of pulpal disease?

Answer 2

-Caries

Question 3

T/F Exposed tubules always put pulp at risk

Answer 3

True

Question 4

When a tooth has trauma what can lead to pulpal disease?

Answer 4

-A crack

Question 5

T/F Periodontal disease is a two way street

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Microbes in subgingival biofilms could reach the pulp by the same pathway as what?

Answer 6

-Intracanal microbes reach the periodontium

Question 7

Pulpal necrosis only occurs if periodontal disease (pocket) reaches the apical foramen due to damaged of what?

Answer 7

-Blood vessels that penetrate the apical foramen

Question 8

What is anachoresis?

Answer 8

-Microbes transported in blood to areas of tissue damage

Question 9

Traumatized teeth become infected thru what pathway?

Answer 9

-Anachoresis/chemotaxis

Question 10

What are three reactions that protect the pulp against caries?

Answer 10

• Decrease dentin permeability
• Tertiary dentin formation
• Inflammatory and immune responses

Question 11

Pulp is the only connective tissue in the body with the ability to do what?

Answer 11

-Protect itself from certain external irritants

Question 12

What is the cardinal sign of inflammation?

Answer 12

-Swelling

Question 13

Increased blood flow leads to what?

Answer 13

• Vasodilation

- Increased capillary pressure

Question 14

What does vasodilation and increased capillary pressure lead to?

Answer 14

-Increased capillary filtration

Question 15

What does increased capillary filtration lead to?

Answer 15

-Increased tissue pressure

Question 16

What does increased tissue pressure result in?

Answer 16

-Pulpal pain

Question 17

The increased pressure outside the vessels does what?

Answer 17

-Compresses the thin walled venous vessels

Question 18

THe increased pressure outside the vessels that compress the thin walled venous vessels lead to what?

Answer 18

• Decreased blood flow
• Increased filtration
• Strangulating the pulpal vessels

Question 19

What does the viscous cycle of response to trauma occur at?

Answer 19

-At site of injury and can remain localized for some time especially if irritant is removed

Question 20

If injurious irritant is strong and lasting the inflammation will spread where?

Answer 20

-Throughout the pulp from periphery to central to root periapical tissues = pulpal necrosis

Question 21

What cells are found in the inflammatory process?

Answer 21

• PMN
• Macrophages
• Plasma cells

Question 22

T/F Mast cells are found in normal/healthy pulps

Answer 22

False

-Are not found

Question 23

T/F A pulp polyp is common

Answer 23

False

-Rare

Question 24

What is another name of pulp polyp?

Answer 24

-Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis

Question 25

What is chronic hyperplastic pulpitis?

Answer 25

- Successive breakdown of pulp stops | - Opening of pulp cavity occurs

Question 26

Instead of necrosis in a pulp polyp what does the pulp tissue do?

Answer 26

-Proliferates

Question 27

What type of teeth do chronic hyperplastic pulpitis occur?

Answer 27

-Generally young teeth

Question 28

T/F Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis is generally symptomatic

Answer 28

False | -Assymptomatic

Question 29

What does surface epithelium from from?

Answer 29

-Oral epithelial cell implantation

Question 30

What is pulpal necrosis caused by?

Answer 30

-Bacteria and bacterial products or loss of blood supply

Question 31

Infectious agents cause what type of necrosis?

Answer 31

-Liquifaction

Question 32

What does blood loss cause?

Answer 32

-Ischemia/coagulation and necrosis

Question 33

What causes chemical irritation to the pulp?

Answer 33

- Filings - Erosion - Bleaching

Question 34

What are some thermal irritants to the pulp?

Answer 34

- Uninsulated large fillings | - Drilling

Question 35

What are some mechanical damages to the pulp?

Answer 35

- Trauma - Bruxism - Attrition - Abrasion

Question 36

What are some direct irritants to the pulp?

Answer 36

- Bacterial irritation from caries - Cracked tooth - Root fractures