a&p > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Osteo

A

Bone

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2
Q

Arthro

A

Joint

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3
Q

Chondro

A

Cartilage

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4
Q

Syn

A

Together

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5
Q

Amphi

A

Slight

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6
Q

Dia

A

Through

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7
Q

Synarthrosis

A

Joint with no movement

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8
Q

Amphiarthosis

A

Joint with slight movement

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9
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Freely moving joint

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10
Q

Functional classification

A

Synarthrotic - suture, gomphosis, synchondrosis(epiphyseal plate)
Amphiarthrotic- symphysis pubis, syndesmosis

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11
Q

Structural classification

A

Fibrous- suture gomphosis, and syndesmosis
Cartilaginous- symphysis(fibrocartilage), epiphyseal plate(hyaline)

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12
Q

Synovial joint

A

Always diarthrotic joints and contain synovial fluid between articulating joints

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13
Q

The fibrous capsule contains _________ tissue

A

Dense regular

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14
Q

Bursa

A

Membrane bound pockets filled with synovial fluid; reduces friction and shock absorption
“Water balloon”

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15
Q

Tendon sheath

A

Bursa that extends along a tendon; Permits tendon to stretch; does not adhere to fascia; long

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16
Q

Itis-

A

Inflammation

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17
Q

Factors that affect the degree of movement at a joint

A

Soft tissue
Shapes of condyles
Ligaments

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18
Q

Pronation -R&U

A

Radius over ulna (hand out palm down)
Radius and ulna twisted

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19
Q

Supination -R&U

A

Radius and ulna are parallel
Anatomical position

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20
Q

Abduction - wrist

A

Moving body part away from midline
Hand moving up

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21
Q

Adduction

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A

Moving body part toward midline
bringing hand back down to side

22
Q

Plantar flexión

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A

Toes pointed down
(Tippy toes) -going down hill

23
Q

Dorsiflexion

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A

Toes pointed up to sky
(No toes on ground) - walking up hill

24
Q

Gliding joint

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A

Flat surface rubbing side to side
-claviculosternal / sacrolilium

25
Pivot joint
Allows roatation - C1/C2; proximal radio-ulnar joint
26
Hinge joint
Allows flexion and extension -elbow/ knee/ ankle/ interphalangeal
27
Ball- and -socket joint
Allows flexion, extension,abduction, adduction, circumduction and rotation - shoulder and hip
28
Condyloid joint or ellipsoid joint
Allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction -radiocarpal/ metacarpal-phalangeal
29
Saddle joint
Allows flexion, extension, abduction, deduction, circumduction, and opposition -thumb(pollex)
30
Sprain
Ligaments will stretch, some collagen fibers will tear
31
Strain
Tendons will stretch, some collagen fibers will tear
32
Gliding joint
-slight non-axial or multi-axial movement Flat surfaces slide across one another with very little movement EX: intercarpal, intertarsal, acromioclavicular, sacroiliac
33
Pivot joint
-mono-axial(rotation) EX: C1/C2, proximal radio-ulnar
34
Hinge Joint
-mono-axial Permit angular motion in a single plane, allows flexion/extension EX: Elbow, knee, ankle, interphalangeal
35
Ball and socket joint
-Triaxial Allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, rotation, circumduction EX:Shoulder, Hip
36
Ellipsoid Joint
-Biaxial Allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction EX: radiocarpal joint, metacarpophalangeal joint, metatarsal phalangeal joints
37
Saddle joints
-biaxial Allows flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction:opposition EX:first carpomentacarpal joint(thumb)
38
Dislocation
The articulating surfaces are forced out of place
39
Functions of skeletal muscle
-Movement, posture/position, support soft tissue, temperature control, store nutrients
40
Layers to get to muscle
Skin-epidermis, dermis Hypodermis(superficial fascia, subcutaneous layer)-adipose tissue and LC tissue Deep fascia-dense fibrous connective tissue
41
Muscle- layers (largest to smallest)
Fascicles Fibers(muscle cell) Myofilaments Thin/Thick filaments
42
Epimysium
Surrounds an entire muscle
43
Peerimysium
Surrounds a fascicle
44
Muscle fascicle
Collection of muscle fibers
45
Endomysium
Surrounds an individual muscle fiber
46
Sarcolmma
Membrane of a muscle fiber
47
T-Tubules
Infoldings of sarcolemma, conducts nerve signals(action potentials) into sarcophagi and excites sarcoplasmic reticulum
48
Sarcoplasm
The cyoplasm of a muscle cell
49
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Smooth ER of muscle fiber Calcium ion(Ca+2) reservoir
50
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