Tests and Values Flashcards by Noor Sandhu

Q

🟦 SPIROMETRY – FVC MANEUVER (Forced)

A

🟦 SPIROMETRY – FVC MANEUVER (Forced)

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Q

What values does an FVC test measure?

A

FVC
FEV₁
FEV₁/FVC ratio
PEF
flow–volume loop.

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Q

What lung volumes can an FVC test NOT measure?

A

RV
FRC
TLC
Trapped gas.

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Q

Which graph is used to evaluate FEV₁ plateau?

A

Volume–time curve (NOT the flow-volume loop).

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Q

Can an FVC test show hyperinflation?

A

No — cannot measure RV, FRC, TLC.

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Q

🟩 SPIROMETRY – SVC MANEUVER (Slow)

A

🟩 SPIROMETRY – SVC MANEUVER (Slow)

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Q

What value does an SVC test measure?

A

VC (slow vital capacity).

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Q

What value can never be measured in an SVC test?

A

FEV₁ (requires forced exhalation).

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Q

Can an SVC test show bronchodilator % change in FEV₁?

A

No — SVC cannot measure FEV₁.

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Q

Can an SVC maneuver generate a flow-volume loop?

A

No — the loop is from forced maneuvers only.

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Q

🟫 BODY PLETHYSMOGRAPHY (“Body Box”)

A

🟫 BODY PLETHYSMOGRAPHY (“Body Box”)

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Q

What does pleth directly measure?

A

FRC (true FRC)
Raw
sGaw.

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Q

What lung volumes can pleth calculate?

A

RV = FRC – ERV
TLC = VC + RV.

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Q

Why does pleth measure true FRC?

A

It includes trapped gas using Boyle’s law.

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Q

What values can pleth NOT measure?

A

FEV₁
FVC
PEF
flow-volume loop
DLCO.

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Q

What patient maneuver occurs after shutter opens in pleth?

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A

A full VC maneuver (in to TLC, out to RV).

Q

🟨 GAS DILUTION (He dilution / N₂ washout)

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A

🟨 GAS DILUTION (He dilution / N₂ washout)

Q

What does gas dilution measure?

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A

FRC (dilution-based)
RV (calc)
TLC (calc).

Q

Does gas dilution measure trapped gas?

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A

No — it underestimates FRC in obstruction.

Q

Does gas dilution measure SVC or FVC?

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A

No — spirometry is needed.

Q

Does gas dilution measure Raw or sGaw?

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A

No — only pleth does.

Q

🟥 DLCO (Single-Breath CO Diffusing Capacity)

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A

🟥 DLCO (Single-Breath CO Diffusing Capacity)

Q

What does DLCO measure?

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A

Gas transfer efficiency across the AC membrane.

Q

What additional values come from a DLCO test?

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A

VA (alveolar volume)
Vt of inspiratory breath
KCO (DLCO/VA).

What does DLCO NOT measure?

1. RV 2. FRC 3. TLC 4. FEV₁ 5. FVC 6. VC 7. Raw.

⭐ BONUS – High-Yield Exam Traps

⭐ BONUS – High-Yield Exam Traps

Can pleth measure VC?

Yes — after shutter opens (IC + ERV).

A patient has hyperinflation. Which test detects it?

Pleth (true FRC/TLC). Not spirometry.

Which test can detect trapped gas?

Pleth only.

Can SVC % predicted ever be >100%?

Yes — normal anatomy/athletes can have >100% VC.

Which test produces a flow-volume loop?

Spirometry (FVC maneuver).