the skeletal system Flashcards

Question

attachment for skeletal muscle (function)

Answer 1

your skeleton provides a surface for muscle attachment, allowing you to move. tendons attach muscle to bone. muscles contact and pull on the bones

Answer 2

blood vessels feed the centre of your bone and stored within is bone marrow. this continually produces red and white blood cells

Answer 3

bones hold minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, essential for bone growth and health. these minerals are stored and released into blood stream as regulated

Answer 4

the bones provide a lever system against which muscles can pull to create movement

Answer 5

bones are strong to support your weight. large forces are applied to your body and your skeleton is strong to prevent injury

Answer 6

the skeleton has many different types of joint; synovial joints secrete fluid that prevents the bones rubbing together, reducing friction

Answer 7

place where two or more bones meet. joints are necessary for muscles to lever bones and create movement

Answer 8

fixed (fibrous) slightly moveable (cartilaginous) synovial joints

Answer 9

immoveable form when bones interlock during early childhood eg bone plates in your cranium fixed together to protect your brain

Answer 10

the ends of the bone are covered in a smooth covering called articular cartilage, reducing friction eg found between sections of the vertebrae

Answer 11

freely moveable have high mobility vital for sporting movements and all various actions when 2 or more bones meet to form the joint distinctive structure eg elbow, knee, shoulder, thumb

Answer 12

reduces friction at the joint, provides lubrication, shock absorber

Answer 13

contains and releases synovial fluid

Answer 14

prevents friction or bones rubbing together, shock absorber

Answer 15

tough fibrous tissue, surrounds the synovial joint, protects and stabilises the joint

Answer 16

attach bone to bone

Answer 17

sack of fluid, reduces friciton

Answer 18

hinge ball and socket condyloid gliding pivot saddle

Answer 19

allows movement in one direction (forwards and backwards) - elbow knee and ankle

Answer 20

allows movement in all direction round end of bone fits into a cup-shaped socket - hip and shoulder

Answer 21

movements are forward, backwards and side to side bump on one bone sits in hollow formed by another - wrist

Answer 22

bones glide in any direction formed by bones that meet at flat surfaces - carpals and tarsals

Answer 23

enables rotational movement circular bones fitting in the peg of another - atlas and axis of the neck

Answer 24

movements backwards, forwards, side to side surfaces of bone are convex and concave - base of thumb

Answer 25

flexion extension dorsiflexion plantar flexion lateral flexion horizontal flexion horizontal extension hyperextension abduction adduction horizontal abduction horizontal adduction circumduction rotation

Answer 26

reducing the angle at a joint (often at hinges and ball and socket)

Answer 27

increasing angle at a joint (often at hinges and ball and socket)

Answer 28

bringing toes towards the shin movement at ankle

Answer 29

pointing toes away movement at ankle

Answer 30

movement of bending sideways from waist

Answer 31

with a straight arm or leg, moving a limb in front of your body

Answer 32

moving the limb away from the front of the body

Answer 33

movement beyond the normal anatomical position, in the opposite direction to flexion

Answer 34

movement of limb away from the midline

Answer 35

movement of limb towards the midline

Answer 36

bringing a limb across your body

Answer 37

movement away from your body

Answer 38

circular movement that results in a conical action

Answer 39

circular movement of a limb

Answer 40

1. production of synovial fluid 2. increase in mineral uptake 3. increased pliability of ligament

Answer 41

helps joint become more lubricated, protects bones during increase demands that exercise puts on ligaments and joints. the fluid becomes less vicious and range of movement at joint will increase will also provide increased nutrients to articular cartilage

Answer 42

as muscle becomes stronger the more you use it, a bone becomes stronger and denser. when we perform weight bearing activities, the body absorbs minerals such as calcium, which increases bone mineral density

Answer 43

tendons become more pliable which would increase the range of movement at the joint

Answer 44

1. increase in bone strength and density 2. increase in ligament strength

Answer 45

regular weight bearing exercise results in bones becoming bigger and stronger, meaning less likely to get injured as stringer bones will be more resistant to the forces found in sport.

Answer 46

ligaments attach bone to bone within a synovial joint. overtime, ligaments become more pliable, increasing flexibility and range of movement at a joint. it also means that they are less likely to become sprained (when a ligament tears due to stretching)

Answer 47

arthritis osteoporosis age

Answer 48

inflammation in a synovial joint, caused by general wearing away by bones rubbing together overtime, reducing the normal amount of cartilage. causes pain, swelling in the joints - regular physical activity can keep the muscles around affected joints strong, decrease vines loss and may help control joint swelling and pain

Answer 49

bone disease that develops when bone mineral density and bone mass decreases. caused by lack of calcium and vitamin D. bones become brittle and fragile and more resistant to weight training, likely to break under stress - exercise can prevent osteoporosis as it can regulate bone maintenance and stimulate bone formation. it strengthens muscle, improves balance and reduces falls and fractures.

Answer 50

weight training is likely to harm a child's growth as bones and still growing. the forces applied through the bone may damage the epiphyseal plates, stunting growth.

the skeletal system Flashcards

(74 cards)